Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice.
The safety of DECNUPAZ was evaluated in CADENZA, a single-arm, open-label study that included 116 adults with newly diagnosed or relapsed/refractory myeloid malignancies, including 84 with BPDCN, treated with DECNUPAZ 0.045 mg/kg once every three weeks.
The median number of cycles administered was 3 (range: 1 to 34) in the overall population, and 3.5 (range: 1 to 34) in patients with BPDCN.
Serious adverse reactions occurred in 55% of patients treated with DECNUPAZ. The most common (≥2%) serious adverse reactions were febrile neutropenia, pneumonia, edema, sepsis, hemorrhage, thrombosis, infusion-related reactions, viral infection, pneumonitis, infections without specified pathogens, pyrexia, and musculoskeletal pain. Fatal adverse reactions occurred in 4.3% of patients who received DECNUPAZ, including cardiac arrest (0.9%), clostridium difficile infection (0.9%), failure to thrive (0.9%), depressed level of consciousness (0.9%), and respiratory failure (0.9%).
Permanent discontinuation due to adverse reactions occurred in 10% of patients who received DECNUPAZ. Adverse reactions which resulted in permanent discontinuation of DECNUPAZ in ≥1% of patients included veno-occlusive disease and pneumonitis.
Dosage interruptions of DECNUPAZ due to adverse reactions occurred in 37% of patients. Adverse reactions which resulted in dosage interruptions in ≥2% of patients included edema, pneumonia, infusion-related reaction, bacterial infections, fatigue, hemorrhage, neutropenia, pneumonitis, and pyrexia.
Dose reductions of DECNUPAZ due to an adverse reaction occurred in 6% of patients. Adverse reactions which required dose reductions in ≥2% of patients included edema.
The most common adverse reactions (≥20%) were edema, fatigue, musculoskeletal pain, hemorrhage, infusion-related reactions, nausea, and diarrhea. The most common Grade 3 to 4 laboratory abnormalities (≥10%) were neutrophils decreased, platelets decreased, lymphocyte count decreased, white blood cells decreased, hemoglobin decreased, and glucose increased.
Table 3 summarizes the common adverse reactions (≥10%) in patients treated with DECNUPAZ in CADENZA.
Table 3. Adverse Reactions (≥10%) in Patients Who Received DECNUPAZ in CADENZA | DECNUPAZ (N=116) |
| Adverse Reaction§ | All Grades (%) | Grade 3 or 4 (%) |
| General disorders and administration site conditions |
| Edemaa | 52 | 16 |
| Fatigueb | 34 | 5 |
| Pyrexiab | 16 | 0.9 |
| Chills | 11 | 0 |
| Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders |
| Musculoskeletal painb | 34 | 8 |
| Vascular disorders |
| Hemorrhageb | 28 | 6 |
| Thrombosisb | 13 | 5 |
| Injury, poisoning and procedural complications |
| Infusion-related reactions | 26 | 5 |
| Fall | 13 | 1.7 |
| Gastrointestinal disorders |
| Nauseab | 24 | 0.9 |
| Diarrheab | 21 | 0.9 |
| Constipation | 19 | 0 |
| Abdominal painb | 14 | 0.9 |
| Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders |
| Dyspneab | 19 | 1.7 |
| Coughb | 15 | 0 |
| Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders |
| Rashc | 19 | 0 |
| Nervous system disorders |
| Neuropathy peripherald | 18 | 1.7 |
| Headacheb | 16 | 2.6 |
| Dizzinessb | 10 | 0.9 |
| Metabolism and nutrition disorders |
| Decreased appetiteb | 16 | 0.9 |
| Infections and infestations |
| Infections without specified pathogensb | 16 | 6 |
| Viral infectionse | 13 | 6 |
| Bacterial infectionsf | 12 | 5 |
| Pneumoniag | 11 | 9 |
| Psychiatric disorders |
| Insomnia | 15 | 0 |
| Blood and lymphatic system disorders |
| Febrile neutropenia | 11 | 11 |
§ Adverse reactions were graded based on CTCAE Version 4.03
a. Edema includes acute pulmonary edema, face edema, generalized edema, hypervolemia, edema, edema genital, edema peripheral, pericardial effusion, peripheral swelling, pleural effusion, pulmonary edema, swelling face, weight increased, ascites.
b. Consists of multiple related terms.
c. Rash includes erythema, erythema nodosum, guttate psoriasis, photosensitivity reaction, psoriasis, rash, rash erythematous, rash macular, rash maculo-papular, rash pruritic, skin lesion, skin lesion inflammation, stasis dermatitis.
d. Neuropathy peripheral includes burning sensation, dysesthesia, facial nerve disorder, hypoesthesia, IIIrd nerve disorder, neuralgia, neuropathy peripheral, paresthesia, sciatica.
e. Viral infections includes COVID-19, cytomegalovirus infection, HCoV-229E infection, herpes simplex, herpes zoster, herpes zoster disseminated, influenza, ophthalmic herpes simplex, oral herpes.
f. Bacterial infections includes cellulitis, clostridium difficile infection, erysipelas, folliculitis, vulval abscess.
g. Pneumonia includes pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia, pneumonia, pneumonia viral.
Clinically relevant adverse reactions occurring in <10% of patients who received DECNUPAZ in CADENZA included:
Vascular disorders: capillary leak syndrome (9%)a, hypotensionb (7%)
Gastrointestinal disorders: stomatitisb (6%)
Infections and infestations: sepsisc (7%), fungal infectionsd (5%)
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders: pneumonitis (5%)
Cardiac disorders: arrhythmiae (6%)
Renal and urinary disorders: acute kidney injuryb (6%)
Hepatobiliary disorders: veno-occlusive disease (1.7%)
a. At least 2 of the following new onset signs and symptoms within 7 days of each other: hypoalbuminemia (including albumin <3.0 g/dL), edema (including weight increase >5 kg), hypotension (including systolic blood pressure <90 mmHg).
b. Consists of multiple related terms.
c. Includes bacteremia, klebsiella bacteremia, pulmonary sepsis, sepsis, and streptococcal bacteremia.
d. Includes candida infection, fungal balanitis, fungal foot infection, fungal skin infection.
e. Includes arrhythmia, atrial fibrillation, atrioventricular block, bradycardia, cardiac arrest, tachyarrhythmia.
Table 4 summarizes laboratory abnormalities in CADENZA.
Table 4. Select Laboratory Abnormalities (≥10%) That Worsened from Baseline in Patients Who Received DECNUPAZ in CADENZA| Laboratory Abnormality* | DECNUPAZa |
| All Grades (%) | Grade 3 or 4 (%) |
| Chemistry |
| Creatinine increased | 76 | 0 |
| Glucose increased | 53 | 10 |
| Albumin decreased | 50 | 1.8 |
| Phosphate decreased | 39 | 8 |
| Calcium decreased | 34 | 1.8 |
| Alanine aminotransferase increased | 32 | 4.4 |
| Aspartate aminotransferase increased | 29 | 0.9 |
| Sodium decreased | 28 | 1.8 |
| Potassium decreased | 26 | 3.5 |
| Alkaline phosphatase increased | 20 | 0.9 |
| Magnesium decreased | 18 | 0 |
| Bilirubin increased | 16 | 0.9 |
| Hematology |
| Platelets decreased | 64 | 40 |
| Neutrophils decreased | 63 | 45 |
| Lymphocyte count decreased | 62 | 39 |
| White blood cells decreased | 55 | 34 |
| Hemoglobin decreased | 40 | 20 |
* Laboratory abnormalities were graded based on CTCAE Version 4.03.
a The denominator used to calculate the rate varied from 78 to 114 based on the number of patients with at least one post-baseline value.