FDA Label for Glatiramer Acetate

View Indications, Usage & Precautions

Glatiramer Acetate Product Label

The following document was submitted to the FDA by the labeler of this product Mylan Pharmaceuticals Inc.. The document includes published materials associated whith this product with the essential scientific information about this product as well as other prescribing information. Product labels may durg indications and usage, generic names, contraindications, active ingredients, strength dosage, routes of administration, appearance, warnings, inactive ingredients, etc.

1 Indications And Usage



Glatiramer acetate injection is indicated for the treatment of patients with relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis.


2.1 Recommended Dose



Glatiramer acetate injection is for subcutaneous use only. Do not administer intravenously. The recommended dose is:

  • Glatiramer acetate injection 20 mg per mL: administer once per day
  • Glatiramer acetate injection 20 mg per mL and glatiramer acetate injection 40 mg per mL are not interchangeable.


2.2 Instructions For Use



Remove one blister-packaged prefilled syringe from the refrigerated carton. Let the prefilled syringe stand at room temperature for 20 minutes to allow the solution to warm to room temperature. Visually inspect the syringe for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration. The solution in the syringe should appear clear, colorless to slightly yellow. If particulate matter or discoloration is observed, discard the syringe.

Areas for subcutaneous self-injection include arms, abdomen, hips, and thighs. The prefilled syringe is for single use only. Discard unused portions.


3 Dosage Forms And Strengths



  • •Injection: 20 mg per mL in a single-dose, prefilled syringe. For subcutaneous use only.

4 Contraindications



Glatiramer acetate injection is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to glatiramer acetate or mannitol.


5.1 Immediate Post-Injection Reaction



Approximately 16% of patients exposed to glatiramer acetate injection 20 mg per mL in the 4 placebo-controlled trials compared to 4% of those on placebo experienced a constellation of symptoms immediately after injection that included at least two of the following: flushing, chest pain, palpitations, anxiety, dyspnea, constriction of the throat, and urticaria. In general, these symptoms have their onset several months after the initiation of treatment, although they may occur earlier, and a given patient may experience one or several episodes of these symptoms. Whether or not any of these symptoms actually represent a specific syndrome is uncertain. Typically, the symptoms were transient and self-limited and did not require treatment; however, there have been reports of patients with similar symptoms who received emergency medical care. Whether an immunologic or nonimmunologic mechanism mediates these episodes, or whether several similar episodes seen in a given patient have identical mechanisms, is unknown.


5.2 Chest Pain



Approximately 13% of glatiramer acetate injection 20 mg per mL patients in the 4 placebo-controlled studies compared to 6% of placebo patients experienced at least one episode of transient chest pain. While some of these episodes occurred in the context of the Immediate Post-Injection Reaction described above, many did not. The temporal relationship of this chest pain to an injection was not always known. The pain was usually transient, often unassociated with other symptoms, and appeared to have no clinical sequelae. Some patients experienced more than one such episode, and episodes usually began at least 1 month after the initiation of treatment. The pathogenesis of this symptom is unknown.


5.3 Lipoatrophy And Skin Necrosis



At injection sites, localized lipoatrophy and, rarely, injection site skin necrosis may occur. Lipoatrophy occurred in approximately 2% of patients exposed to glatiramer acetate injection 20 mg per mL in the 4 placebo-controlled trials compared to none on placebo. Skin necrosis has only been observed in the postmarketing setting. Lipoatrophy may occur at various times after treatment onset (sometimes after several months) and is thought to be permanent. There is no known therapy for lipoatrophy. To assist in possibly minimizing these events, the patient should be advised to follow proper injection technique and to rotate injection sites with each injection.


5.4 Potential Effects On Immune Response



Because glatiramer acetate can modify immune response, it may interfere with immune functions. For example, treatment with glatiramer acetate may interfere with the recognition of foreign antigens in a way that would undermine the body's tumor surveillance and its defenses against infection. There is no evidence that glatiramer acetate does this, but there has not been a systematic evaluation of this risk. Because glatiramer acetate is an antigenic material, it is possible that its use may lead to the induction of host responses that are untoward, but systematic surveillance for these effects has not been undertaken.

Although glatiramer acetate is intended to minimize the autoimmune response to myelin, there is the possibility that continued alteration of cellular immunity due to chronic treatment with glatiramer acetate may result in untoward effects.

Glatiramer acetate-reactive antibodies are formed in most patients receiving glatiramer acetate. Studies in both the rat and monkey have suggested that immune complexes are deposited in the renal glomeruli. Furthermore, in a controlled trial of 125 RRMS patients given glatiramer acetate injection 20 mg per mL, subcutaneously every day for 2 years, serum IgG levels reached at least 3 times baseline values in 80% of patients by 3 months of initiation of treatment. By 12 months of treatment, however, 30% of patients still had IgG levels at least 3 times baseline values, and 90% had levels above baseline by 12 months. The antibodies are exclusively of the IgG subtype and predominantly of the IgG-1 subtype. No IgE type antibodies could be detected in any of the 94 sera tested; nevertheless, anaphylaxis can be associated with the administration of most any foreign substance, and therefore, this risk cannot be excluded.


6.1 Clinical Trials Experience



Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in clinical practice.


Glatiramer Acetate Injection 20 Mg Per Ml Per Day



Among 563 patients treated with glatiramer acetate in blinded placebo-controlled trials, approximately 5% of the subjects discontinued treatment because of an adverse reaction. The adverse reactions most commonly associated with discontinuation were: injection site reactions, dyspnea, urticaria, vasodilatation, and hypersensitivity. The most common adverse reactions were: injection site reactions, vasodilatation, rash, dyspnea, and chest pain.

Table 1 lists treatment-emergent signs and symptoms that occurred in at least 2% of patients treated with glatiramer acetate injection 20 mg per mL in the placebo-controlled trials. These signs and symptoms were numerically more common in patients treated with glatiramer acetate than in patients treated with placebo. Adverse reactions were usually mild in intensity.

Table 1: Adverse Reactions in Controlled Clinical Trials with an Incidence ≥ 2% of Patients and More Frequent with Glatiramer Acetate Injection (20 mg per mL Daily) than with Placebo

Glatiramer Acetate Injection

20 mg/mL

(N = 563)

Placebo

(N = 564)

Blood and Lymphatic System Disorders

Lymphadenopathy

7%

3%

Cardiac Disorders

Palpitations

9%

4%

Tachycardia

5%

2%

Eye Disorders

Eye Disorder

3%

1%

Diplopia

3%

2%

Gastrointestinal Disorders

Nausea

15%

11%

Vomiting

7%

4%

Dysphagia

2%

1%

General Disorders and Administration Site Conditions

Injection Site Erythema

43%

10%

Injection Site Pain

40%

20%

Injection Site Pruritus

27%

4%

Injection Site Mass

26%

6%

Asthenia

22%

21%

Pain

20%

17%

Injection Site Edema

19%

4%

Chest Pain

13%

6%

Injection Site Inflammation

9%

1%

Edema

8%

2%

Injection Site Reaction

8%

1%

Pyrexia

6%

5%

Injection Site Hypersensitivity

4%

0%

Local Reaction

3%

1%

Chills

3%

1%

Face Edema

3%

1%

Edema Peripheral

3%

2%

Injection Site Fibrosis

2%

1%

Injection Site Atrophy

Injection site atrophy comprises terms relating to localized lipoatrophy at injection site

2%

0%

Immune System Disorders

Hypersensitivity

3%

2%

Infections and Infestations

Infection

30%

28%

Influenza

14%

13%

Rhinitis

7%

5%

Bronchitis

6%

5%

Gastroenteritis

6%

4%

Vaginal Candidiasis

4%

2%

Metabolism and Nutrition Disorders

Weight Increased

3%

1%

Musculoskeletal and Connective Tissue Disorders

Back Pain

12%

10%

Neoplasms Benign, Malignant and Unspecified (Incl Cysts and Polyps)

Benign Neoplasm of Skin

2%

1%

Nervous System Disorders

Tremor

4%

2%

Migraine

4%

2%

Syncope

3%

2%

Speech Disorder

2%

1%

Psychiatric Disorders

Anxiety

13%

10%

Nervousness

2%

1%

Renal and Urinary Disorders

Micturition Urgency

5%

4%

Respiratory, Thoracic and Mediastinal Disorders

Dyspnea

14%

4%

Cough

6%

5%

Laryngospasm

2%

1%

Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue Disorders

Rash

19%

11%

Hyperhidrosis

7%

5%

Pruritus

5%

4%

Urticaria

3%

1%

Skin Disorder

3%

1%

Vascular Disorders

Vasodilation

20%

5%

Adverse reactions which occurred only in 4 to 5 more subjects in the glatiramer acetate group than in the placebo group (less than 1% difference), but for which a relationship to glatiramer acetate could not be excluded, were arthralgia and herpes simplex.

Laboratory analyses were performed on all patients participating in the clinical program for glatiramer acetate. Clinically-significant laboratory values for hematology, chemistry, and urinalysis were similar for both glatiramer acetate and placebo groups in blinded clinical trials. In controlled trials one patient discontinued treatment due to thrombocytopenia (16 x109/L), which resolved after discontinuation of treatment.

Data on adverse reactions occurring in the controlled clinical trials of glatiramer acetate injection 20 mg per mL were analyzed to evaluate differences based on sex. No clinically-significant differences were identified. Ninety-six percent of patients in these clinical trials were Caucasian. The majority of patients treated with glatiramer acetate were between the ages of 18 and 45. Consequently, data are inadequate to perform an analysis of the adverse reaction incidence related to clinically-relevant age subgroups.


Other Adverse Reactions



In the paragraphs that follow, the frequencies of less commonly reported adverse clinical reactions are presented. Because the reports include reactions observed in open and uncontrolled premarketing studies (n = 979), the role of glatiramer acetate in their causation cannot be reliably determined. Furthermore, variability associated with adverse reaction reporting, the terminology used to describe adverse reactions, etc., limit the value of the quantitative frequency estimates provided. Reaction frequencies are calculated as the number of patients who used glatiramer acetate and reported a reaction divided by the total number of patients exposed to glatiramer acetate. All reported reactions are included except those already listed in the previous table, those too general to be informative, and those not reasonably associated with the use of the drug. Reactions are further classified within body system categories and enumerated in order of decreasing frequency using the following definitions: Frequent adverse reactions are defined as those occurring in at least 1/100 patients and infrequent adverse reactions are those occurring in 1/100 to 1/1,000 patients.

Body as a Whole:

Frequent: Abscess.

Infrequent: Injection site hematoma, moon face, cellulitis, hernia, injection site abscess, serum sickness, suicide attempt, injection site hypertrophy, injection site melanosis, lipoma, and photosensitivity reaction.

Cardiovascular:

Frequent: Hypertension.

Infrequent: Hypotension, midsystolic click, systolic murmur, atrial fibrillation, bradycardia, fourth heart sound, postural hypotension, and varicose veins.

Digestive:

Infrequent: Dry mouth, stomatitis, burning sensation on tongue, cholecystitis, colitis, esophageal ulcer, esophagitis, gastrointestinal carcinoma, gum hemorrhage, hepatomegaly, increased appetite, melena, mouth ulceration, pancreas disorder, pancreatitis, rectal hemorrhage, tenesmus, tongue discoloration, and duodenal ulcer.

Endocrine:

Infrequent: Goiter, hyperthyroidism, and hypothyroidism.

Gastrointestinal:

Frequent: Bowel urgency, oral moniliasis, salivary gland enlargement, tooth caries, and ulcerative stomatitis.

Hemic and Lymphatic:

Infrequent: Leukopenia, anemia, cyanosis, eosinophilia, hematemesis, lymphedema, pancytopenia, and splenomegaly.

Metabolic and Nutritional:

Infrequent: Weight loss, alcohol intolerance, Cushing’s syndrome, gout, abnormal healing, and xanthoma.

Musculoskeletal:

Infrequent: Arthritis, muscle atrophy, bone pain, bursitis, kidney pain, muscle disorder, myopathy, osteomyelitis, tendon pain, and tenosynovitis.

Nervous:

Frequent: Abnormal dreams, emotional lability, and stupor.

Infrequent: Aphasia, ataxia, convulsion, circumoral paresthesia, depersonalization, hallucinations, hostility, hypokinesia, coma, concentration disorder, facial paralysis, decreased libido, manic reaction, memory impairment, myoclonus, neuralgia, paranoid reaction, paraplegia, psychotic depression, and transient stupor.

Respiratory:

Frequent: Hyperventilation and hay fever.

Infrequent: Asthma, pneumonia, epistaxis, hypoventilation, and voice alteration.

Skin and Appendages:

Frequent: Eczema, herpes zoster, pustular rash, skin atrophy, and warts.

Infrequent: Dry skin, skin hypertrophy, dermatitis, furunculosis, psoriasis, angioedema, contact dermatitis, erythema nodosum, fungal dermatitis, maculopapular rash, pigmentation, benign skin neoplasm, skin carcinoma, skin striae, and vesiculobullous rash.

Special Senses:

Frequent: Visual field defect.

Infrequent: Dry eyes, otitis externa, ptosis, cataract, corneal ulcer, mydriasis, optic neuritis, photophobia, and taste loss.

Urogenital:

Frequent: Amenorrhea, hematuria, impotence, menorrhagia, suspicious papanicolaou smear, urinary frequency, and vaginal hemorrhage.

Infrequent: Vaginitis, flank pain (kidney), abortion, breast engorgement, breast enlargement, carcinoma in situ cervix, fibrocystic breast, kidney calculus, nocturia, ovarian cyst, priapism, pyelonephritis, abnormal sexual function, and urethritis.


6.2 Postmarketing Experience



The following adverse events occurring under treatment with glatiramer acetate injection 20 mg per mL since market introduction and not mentioned above have been identified during postapproval use of glatiramer acetate. Because these events are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure.

Body as a Whole: sepsis; SLE syndrome; hydrocephalus; enlarged abdomen; allergic reaction; anaphylactoid reaction

Cardiovascular System: thrombosis; peripheral vascular disease; pericardial effusion; myocardial infarct; deep thrombophlebitis; coronary occlusion; congestive heart failure; cardiomyopathy; cardiomegaly; arrhythmia; angina pectoris

Digestive System: tongue edema; stomach ulcer; hemorrhage; liver function abnormality; liver damage; hepatitis; eructation; cirrhosis of the liver; cholelithiasis

Hemic and Lymphatic System: thrombocytopenia; lymphoma-like reaction; acute leukemia

Metabolic and Nutritional Disorders: hypercholesterolemia

Musculoskeletal System: rheumatoid arthritis; generalized spasm

Nervous System: myelitis; meningitis; CNS neoplasm; cerebrovascular accident; brain edema; abnormal dreams; aphasia; convulsion; neuralgia

Respiratory System: pulmonary embolus; pleural effusion; carcinoma of lung

Special Senses: glaucoma; blindness

Urogenital System: urogenital neoplasm; urine abnormality; ovarian carcinoma; nephrosis; kidney failure; breast carcinoma; bladder carcinoma; urinary frequency


7 Drug Interactions



Interactions between glatiramer acetate and other drugs have not been fully evaluated. Results from existing clinical trials do not suggest any significant interactions of glatiramer acetate with therapies commonly used in MS patients, including the concurrent use of corticosteroids for up to 28 days. Glatiramer acetate has not been formally evaluated in combination with interferon beta.


Teratogenic Effects. Pregnancy Category B



Administration of glatiramer acetate by subcutaneous injection to pregnant rats and rabbits resulted in no adverse effects on offspring development. There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Because animal reproduction studies are not always predictive of human response, glatiramer acetate should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed.

In rats or rabbits receiving glatiramer acetate by subcutaneous injection during the period of organogenesis, no adverse effects on embryo-fetal development were observed at doses up to 37.5 mg/kg/day (18 and 36 times, respectively, the therapeutic human dose of 20 mg/day on a mg/m2 basis). In rats receiving subcutaneous glatiramer acetate at doses of up to 36 mg/kg from day 15 of pregnancy throughout lactation, no significant effects on delivery or on offspring growth and development were observed.


8.2 Labor And Delivery



The effects of glatiramer acetate on labor and delivery in pregnant women are unknown.


8.3 Nursing Mothers



It is not known if glatiramer acetate is excreted in human milk. Because many drugs are excreted in human milk, caution should be exercised when glatiramer acetate is administered to a nursing woman.


8.4 Pediatric Use



The safety and effectiveness of glatiramer acetate have not been established in patients under 18 years of age.


8.5 Geriatric Use



Glatiramer acetate has not been studied in elderly patients.


8.6 Use In Patients With Impaired Renal Function



The pharmacokinetics of glatiramer acetate in patients with impaired renal function have not been determined.


11 Description



Glatiramer acetate, the active ingredient of glatiramer acetate injection, consists of the acetate salts of synthetic polypeptides, containing four naturally occurring amino acids: L-glutamic acid, L-alanine, L-tyrosine, and L-lysine with an average molar fraction of 0.141, 0.427, 0.095, and 0.338, respectively. The average molecular weight of glatiramer acetate is 5,000 to 9,000 daltons. Glatiramer acetate is identified by specific antibodies.

Chemically, glatiramer acetate is designated L-glutamic acid polymer with L-alanine, L-lysine and L-tyrosine, acetate (salt). Its structural formula is:

(Glu, Ala, Lys, Tyr)x xCH3COOH
(C5H9NO4C3H7NO2C6H14N2O2C9H11NO3)x xC2H4O2
CAS - 147245-92-9

Glatiramer acetate is a clear, colorless to slightly yellow, sterile, nonpyrogenic solution for subcutaneous injection. Each 1 mL of glatiramer acetate solution contains 20 mg of glatiramer acetate and the following inactive ingredient: 40 mg of mannitol. The pH of the solutions is approximately 5.5 to 7.0. The biological activity of glatiramer acetate is determined by its ability to block the induction of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in mice.


12.1 Mechanism Of Action



The mechanism(s) by which glatiramer acetate exerts its effects in patients with MS are not fully understood. However, glatiramer acetate is thought to act by modifying immune processes that are believed to be responsible for the pathogenesis of MS. This hypothesis is supported by findings of studies that have been carried out to explore the pathogenesis of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, a condition induced in animals through immunization against central nervous system derived material containing myelin and often used as an experimental animal model of MS. Studies in animals and in vitro systems suggest that upon its administration, glatiramer acetate-specific suppressor T-cells are induced and activated in the periphery.

Because glatiramer acetate can modify immune functions, concerns exist about its potential to alter naturally-occurring immune responses. There is no evidence that glatiramer acetate does this, but this has not been systematically evaluated [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4)].


12.3 Pharmacokinetics



Results obtained in pharmacokinetic studies performed in humans (healthy volunteers) and animals support that a substantial fraction of the therapeutic dose delivered to patients subcutaneously is hydrolyzed locally. Larger fragments of glatiramer acetate can be recognized by glatiramer acetate-reactive antibodies. Some fraction of the injected material, either intact or partially hydrolyzed, is presumed to enter the lymphatic circulation, enabling it to reach regional lymph nodes, and some may enter the systemic circulation intact.


13.1 Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment Of Fertility



In a 2-year carcinogenicity study, mice were administered up to 60 mg/kg/day glatiramer acetate by subcutaneous injection (up to 15 times the human therapeutic dose of 20 mg/day on a mg/m2 basis). No increase in systemic neoplasms was observed. In males receiving the 60 mg/kg/day dose, there was an increased incidence of fibrosarcomas at the injection sites. These sarcomas were associated with skin damage precipitated by repetitive injections of an irritant over a limited skin area.

In a 2-year carcinogenicity study, rats were administered up to 30 mg/kg/day glatiramer acetate by subcutaneous injection (up to 15 times the human therapeutic dose on a mg/m2 basis). No increase in neoplasms was observed.

Glatiramer acetate was not mutagenic in in vitro (Ames test, mouse lymphoma tk) assays. Glatiramer acetate was clastogenic in two separate in vitro chromosomal aberration assays in cultured human lymphocytes but not clastogenic in an in vivo mouse bone marrow micronucleus assay.

When glatiramer acetate was administered by subcutaneous injection prior to and during mating (males and females) and throughout gestation and lactation (females) at doses up to 36 mg/kg/day (18 times the human therapeutic dose on a mg/m2 basis) no adverse effects were observed on reproductive or developmental parameters.


14 Clinical Studies



Evidence supporting the effectiveness of glatiramer acetate derives from four placebo-controlled trials which used a glatiramer acetate injection dose of 20 mg per mL per day.

Glatiramer Acetate Injection 20 mg per mL per Day: Study 1 was performed at a single center. Fifty patients were enrolled and randomized to receive daily doses of either glatiramer acetate injection, 20 mg per mL subcutaneously, or placebo (glatiramer acetate injection: n = 25; placebo: n = 25). Patients were diagnosed with RRMS by standard criteria, and had had at least 2 exacerbations during the 2 years immediately preceding enrollment. Patients were ambulatory, as evidenced by a score of no more than 6 on the Kurtzke Disability Scale Score (DSS), a standard scale ranging from 0 - Normal to 10 - Death due to MS. A score of 6 is defined as one at which a patient is still ambulatory with assistance; a score of 7 means the patient must use a wheelchair.

Patients were examined every 3 months for 2 years, as well as within several days of a presumed exacerbation. To confirm an exacerbation, a blinded neurologist had to document objective neurologic signs, as well as document the existence of other criteria (e.g., the persistence of the neurological signs for at least 48 hours).

The protocol-specified primary outcome measure was the proportion of patients in each treatment group who remained exacerbation free for the 2 years of the trial, but two other important outcomes were also specified as endpoints: the frequency of attacks during the trial, and the change in the number of attacks compared with the number which occurred during the previous 2 years.

Table 2 presents the values of the three outcomes described above, as well as several protocol-specified secondary measures. These values are based on the intent-to-treat population (i.e., all patients who received at least 1 dose of treatment and who had at least 1 on-treatment assessment):

Table 2: Study 1 Efficacy Results

Glatiramer Acetate Injection

20 mg/mL

(n = 25)

Placebo

(n = 25)

P-Value

% Relapse-Free Patients

14/25 (56%)

7/25 (28%)

0.085

Mean Relapse Frequency

0.6/2 years

2.4/2 years

0.005

Reduction in Relapse Rate Compared to Prestudy

3.2

1.6

0.025

Median Time to First Relapse (days)

> 700

150

0.03

% of Progression-Free

Progression was defined as an increase of at least one point on the DSS, persisting for at least 3 consecutive months.

Patients

20/25 (80%)

13/25 (52%)

0.07

Study 2 was a multicenter trial of similar design which was performed in 11 U.S. centers. A total of 251 patients (glatiramer acetate injection: n = 125; placebo: n = 126) were enrolled. The primary outcome measure was the Mean 2-Year Relapse Rate. Table 3 presents the values of this outcome for the intent-to-treat population, as well as several secondary measures:

Table 3: Study 2 Efficacy Results

Glatiramer Acetate Injection

20 mg/mL

(n = 125)

Placebo

(n = 126)

P-Value

Mean No. of Relapses

1.19/2 years

1.68/2 years

0.055

% Relapse-Free Patients

42/125 (34%)

34/126 (27%)

0.25

Median Time to First Relapse (days)

287

198

0.23

% of Progression-Free Patients

98/125 (78%)

95/126 (75%)

0.48

Mean Change in DSS

-0.05

+0.21

0.023

In both studies, glatiramer acetate exhibited a clear beneficial effect on relapse rate, and it is based on this evidence that glatiramer acetate is considered effective.

In Study 3, 481 patients who had recently (within 90 days) experienced an isolated demyelinating event and who had lesions typical of multiple sclerosis on brain MRI were randomized to receive either glatiramer acetate injection 20 mg per mL (n = 243) or placebo (n = 238). The primary outcome measure was time to development of a second exacerbation. Patients were followed for up to three years or until they reached the primary endpoint. Secondary outcomes were brain MRI measures, including number of new T2 lesions and T2 lesion volume.

Time to development of a second exacerbation was significantly delayed in patients treated with glatiramer acetate compared to placebo (Hazard Ratio = 0.55; 95% confidence interval 0.40 to 0.77; Figure 1). The Kaplan-Meier estimates of the percentage of patients developing a relapse within 36 months were 42.9% in the placebo group and 24.7% in the glatiramer acetate group.

Figure 1: Time to Second Exacerbation

Figure 1: Time to Second Exacerbation

Patients treated with glatiramer acetate demonstrated fewer new T2 lesions at the last observation (rate ratio 0.41; confidence interval 0.28 to 0.59; p < 0.0001). Additionally, baseline-adjusted T2 lesion volume at the last observation was lower for patients treated with glatiramer acetate (ratio of 0.89; confidence interval 0.84 to 0.94; p = 0.0001).

Study 4 was a multinational study in which MRI parameters were used both as primary and secondary endpoints. A total of 239 patients with RRMS (glatiramer acetate: n = 119; and placebo: n = 120) were randomized. Inclusion criteria were similar to those in the second study with the additional criterion that patients had to have at least one Gd-enhancing lesion on the screening MRI. The patients were treated in a double-blind manner for nine months, during which they underwent monthly MRI scanning. The primary endpoint for the double-blind phase was the total cumulative number of T1 Gd-enhancing lesions over the nine months. Table 4 summarizes the results for the primary outcome measure monitored during the trial for the intent-to-treat cohort.

Table 4: Study 4 MRI Results

Glatiramer Acetate Injection

20 mg/mL

(n = 119)

Placebo

(n = 120)

P-Value

Medians of the Cumulative Number of T1 Gd-Enhancing Lesions

11

17

0.0030

Figure 2 displays the results of the primary outcome on a monthly basis.

Figure 2: Median Cumulative Number of Gd-Enhancing Lesions

Figure 2: Median Cumulative Number of Gd-Enhancing Lesions

16 How Supplied/Storage And Handling



Glatiramer Acetate Injection, 20 mg/mL is supplied as a single-dose prefilled syringe with fixed ½ inch 29 gauge needle containing 1 mL of a clear, colorless to slightly yellow, sterile, nonpyrogenic solution containing 20 mg of glatiramer acetate and 40 mg of mannitol in cartons of 30 single-use prefilled syringes (NDC 0378-6960-93).

Store glatiramer acetate injection refrigerated at 2° to 8°C (36° to 46°F). If needed, the patient may store glatiramer acetate injection at room temperature, 15° to 30°C (59° to 86°F), for up to one month, but refrigeration is preferred. Avoid exposure to higher temperatures or intense light. Do not freeze glatiramer acetate injection. If a glatiramer acetate syringe freezes, it should be discarded.

PHARMACIST: Dispense a Patient Information Leaflet with each prescription.


17 Patient Counseling Information



[See Patient Information Leaflet (Patient Information and Instructions for Use).]

Advise the patient to read the FDA-approved patient labeling (Patient Information and Instructions for Use).

Pregnancy: Instruct patients that if they are pregnant or plan to become pregnant while taking glatiramer acetate they should inform their physician.

Immediate Post-Injection Reaction: Advise patients that glatiramer acetate may cause various symptoms after injection, including flushing, chest pain, palpitations, anxiety, dyspnea, constriction of the throat, and urticaria. These symptoms are generally transient and self-limited and do not require specific treatment. Inform patients that these symptoms may occur early or may have their onset several months after the initiation of treatment. A patient may experience one or several episodes of these symptoms.

Chest Pain: Advise patients that they may experience transient chest pain either as part of the Immediate Post-Injection Reaction or in isolation. Inform patients that the pain should be transient. Some patients may experience more than one such episode, usually beginning at least one month after the initiation of treatment. Patients should be advised to seek medical attention if they experience chest pain of unusual duration or intensity.

Lipoatrophy and Skin Necrosis at Injection Site: Advise patients that localized lipoatrophy, and rarely, skin necrosis may occur at injection sites. Instruct patients to follow proper injection technique and to rotate injection areas and sites with each injection to minimize these risks.

Instructions for Use: Instruct patients to read the glatiramer acetate injection Patient Information leaflet carefully. Glatiramer acetate injection 20 mg per mL and glatiramer acetate injection 40 mg per mL are not interchangeable. Glatiramer acetate injection 20 mg per mL is administered daily. Caution patients to use aseptic technique. The first injection should be performed under the supervision of a health care professional. Instruct patients to rotate injection areas and sites with each injection. Caution patients against the reuse of needles or syringes. Instruct patients in safe disposal procedures.

Storage Conditions: Advise patients that the recommended storage condition for glatiramer acetate injection is refrigeration at 2˚ to 8˚C (36˚ to 46˚F). If needed, the patient may store glatiramer acetate injection at room temperature, 15˚ to 30˚C (59˚ to 86˚F), for up to one month, but refrigeration is preferred. Glatiramer acetate injection should not be exposed to higher temperatures or intense light. Do not freeze glatiramer acetate injection.


Principal Display Panel – 20 Mg/Ml



NDC 0378-6960-93

Glatiramer Acetate
Injection
20 mg/mL

PHARMACIST: Dispense the accompanying
Patient Information Leaflet to each patient.

FOR SUBCUTANEOUS INJECTION ONLY
ONCE DAILY

Rx only

Contains 30 Single-Use PRE-FILLED Syringes
with fixed ½ inch 29 gauge needles

To be dispensed as a unit package in carton.

Usual Dosage: See accompanying prescribing
information.

Each 1 mL unit-of-use pre-filled syringe
contains:
Active Ingredient: glatiramer acetate 20 mg
Inactive Ingredients: mannitol 40 mg and sterile
water for injection.

Storage Conditions: KEEP REFRIGERATED
(2° to 8°C/36° to 46°F) AND PROTECTED
FROM LIGHT.

Keep this and all medication out of the
reach of children.

Manufactured for:
Mylan Pharmaceuticals Inc.
Morgantown, WV 26505 U.S.A.

Made in India

Code No.: AP/DRUGS/10/2012

GL6960:93:30C:R4

Mylan.com

390003


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