Absorption
Less than 10% of an oral dose of ODOMZO is absorbed. Following the administration of a single ODOMZO dose (100
mg to 3000 mg) under fasted conditions in patients with cancer, the median time-to-peak concentration (Tmax) was 2 to 4
hours. Sonidegib exhibited dose-proportional increases in the area under the curve (AUC) and the maximal concentration (Cmax) over the dose range of 100 mg to 400 mg, but less than dose-proportional increases at doses greater than 400 mg.
Steady-state was reached approximately 4 months after starting ODOMZO and the estimated accumulation at steady-state
was 19-fold. Following a dose of 200 mg once daily, the estimated mean steady-state Cmax is 1030 ng/mL, AUC0-24h is 22 μg*h/mL and minimal concentration (Cmin) is 890 ng/mL.
A high-fat meal (approximately 1000 calories with 50% of calories from fat) increased exposure to sonidegib (geometric mean AUCinf and Cmax) by 7.4- to 7.8-fold [see Dosage and Administration (2.1)].
Distribution
The estimated apparent steady-state volume of distribution (Vss/F) was 9,166 L. Sonidegib was greater than 97% bound to human plasma proteins in vitro and the binding was concentration independent. In vitro studies suggested that sonidegib is not a substrate of P-glycoprotein, MRP2 or BCRP.
Elimination
The elimination half-life (t1/2) of sonidegib estimated from population pharmacokinetic (PK) modeling was approximately 28 days.
Metabolism
Sonidegib is primarily metabolized by CYP3A. The main circulating compound was unchanged sonidegib (36% of circulating radioactivity).
Excretion
Sonidegib and its metabolites are eliminated primarily by the hepatic route. Of the absorbed dose, approximately 70% was eliminated in the feces and 30% was eliminated in the urine. Unchanged sonidegib was not detectable in the urine.
Specific Populations
Hepatic Impairment
Mild (Child-Pugh class A), moderate (Child-Pugh class B), or severe (Child-Pugh class C) hepatic impairment had no clinically meaningful effect on sonidegib exposure as compared to subjects with normal hepatic function.
Renal Impairment
Mild (CLcr 60 to 89 mL/min) and moderate (CLcr 30 to 59 mL/min) renal impairment had no effect on sonidegib steady-state
exposure as compared to patients with normal renal function (CLcr ≥90 mL/min).
Age, Sex, Weight and Race
Age, body weight, or sex had no clinically meaningful effect on sonidegib steady-state exposure.
A cross study comparison suggests that geometric mean AUCinf of sonidegib is 1.7-fold higher in Japanese healthy
subjects compared to Western healthy subjects (Whites and Blacks) following a single 200 mg dose of ODOMZO.
Drug Interaction Studies
Effects of CYP3A Inhibitors on Sonidegib
Strong CYP3A inhibitor: The geometric mean sonidegib AUC0-10d increased by 2.2-fold and the Cmax increased by 1.5-fold when ODOMZO at a dose of 800 mg was taken with ketoconazole compared to ODOMZO alone [see Drug Interactions (7.1)]. The geometric mean sonidegib steady-state AUC0-24h would similarly increase in cancer patients taking ODOMZO 200 mg once daily when coadministered with a strong CYP3A inhibitor for 14 days.
Moderate CYP3A inhibitor: The geometric mean sonidegib steady-state AUC0-24h would increase 1.8-fold when ODOMZO 200 mg once daily is coadministered with a moderate CYP3A inhibitor (erythromycin) for 14 days and would increase 2.8-fold when ODOMZO 200 mg once daily is coadministered with a moderate CYP3A inhibitor (erythromycin) for 4 months.
Effects of CYP3A Inducers on Sonidegib
Strong CYP3A inducer: The geometric mean sonidegib AUC0-10d decreased by 72% and the Cmax decreased by 54% when ODOMZO at a dose of 800 mg was taken with rifampicin compared to ODOMZO alone [see Drug Interactions (7.1)].
Moderate CYP3A inducer: The geometric mean sonidegib steady-state AUC0-24h would decrease 56% in cancer patients taking ODOMZO 200 mg once daily when coadministered with a moderate CYP3A inducer (efavirenz) for 14 days and would decrease 69% when coadministered with a moderate CYP3A inducer (efavirenz) for 4 months [see Drug Interactions (7.1)].
Effect of Sonidegib on Cytochrome P450 Enzymes and Transporters
In vitro studies suggested that sonidegib inhibits CYP2B6 and CYP2C9 and it does not induce CYP1A2, CYP2B6 or CYP3A expression or activity.
In vitro studies suggested that sonidegib inhibits BCRP, but not P-glycoprotein, MRP2, OATP1B1, OATP1B3, OAT1, OAT3, OCT1 or OCT2.
Effect of Acid Reducing Agents on Sonidegib
No clinically meaningful effect on sonidegib exposure was observed when ODOMZO at dose of 200 mg was coadministered with esomeprazole, a proton pump inhibitor.