Other
Pediatric use information is approved for Braintree Laboratories, Inc.'s SUPREP BOWEL PREP KIT (sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, and magnesium sulfate) oral solution. However, due to Braintree Laboratories, Inc.'s marketing exclusivity rights, this drug product is not labeled with that pediatric information.
Adults
The safety of sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, and magnesium sulfate oral solution was evaluated in a multi-center, randomized, active controlled trial in 379 adult patients undergoing colonoscopy [see Clinical Studies (14)] .
Most Common Adverse Reactions
Table 1 shows the most common adverse reactions reported in at least 2% of patients receiving sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, and magnesium sulfate oral solution or the control (a bowel prep containing polyethylene glycol and electrolytes (PEG + E)) administered in split-dose (2-day) regimens.
| Split-Dose (2-Day) Regimen | ||
|---|---|---|
| Symptom | Sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, and magnesium sulfate oral solution
% N=190 | PEG + E product
% N=189 |
| Overall Discomfort | 54 | 67 |
| Abdominal Distension | 40 | 52 |
| Abdominal Pain | 36 | 43 |
| Nausea | 36 | 33 |
| Vomiting | 8 | 4 |
Laboratory Abnormalities
Table 2 shows the most common laboratory abnormalities (at least 10% in either treatment group and more than 2% difference between groups) for patients who developed new abnormalities of important electrolytes and uric acid after completing the bowel preparation with either sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, and magnesium sulfate oral solution or PEG+E administered as a split-dose (2-day) regimen.
| Day of Colonoscopy
N (%) Percent (n/N) of patients where N=number of patients with normal baseline who had abnormal values at the time-point(s) of interest. | Day 30
N (%) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Bicarbonate (low) | Sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, and magnesium sulfate oral solution | 20 (13) | 7(4) |
| PEG + Electrolytes | 24 (15) | 4 (3) | |
| Bilirubin, total (high) | Sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, and magnesium sulfate oral solution | 14 (9) | 0 (0) |
| PEG + Electrolytes | 20 (12) | 3 (2) | |
| BUN (high) | Sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, and magnesium sulfate oral solution | 2 (2) | 14 (11) |
| PEG + Electrolytes | 4(3) | 19 (15) | |
| Calcium (high) | Sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, and magnesium sulfate oral solution | 16 (10) | 8 (5) |
| PEG + Electrolytes | 6 (4) | 6 (4) | |
| Chloride (high) | Sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, and magnesium sulfate oral solution | 4 (2) | 6 (4) |
| PEG + Electrolytes | 20 (12) | 6 (4) | |
| Osmolality (high) | Sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, and magnesium sulfate oral solution | 8 (6) | NA |
| PEG + Electrolytes | 19 (13) | NA | |
| Uric acid (high) | Sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, and magnesium sulfate oral solution | 27 (24) | 13 (12) |
| PEG + Electrolytes | 12 (10) | 20 (17) |
Less Common Adverse Reactions
AV Block (1 case) and CK increase.
Adverse Reactions with Unapproved Use
In another study of 408 adult patients, higher rates of the following adverse reactions and laboratory abnormalities were reported in patients treated with sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, and magnesium sulfate oral solution as an evening-only (1-day) regimen compared to the split-dose (2-day) regimen.
- overall discomfort, abdominal distention, nausea, and vomiting
- total bilirubin (high), BUN (high), creatinine (high), osmolality (high), potassium (high) and uric acid (high)
Administration of sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, and magnesium sulfate oral solution in an evening-only (1-day) dosing regimen is not recommended.
Pediatric use information is approved for Braintree Laboratories, Inc.'s SUPREP BOWEL PREP KIT (sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, and magnesium sulfate) oral solution. However, due to Braintree Laboratories, Inc.'s marketing exclusivity rights, this drug product is not labeled with that pediatric information.
Risk Summary
There are no available data on sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, and magnesium sulfate oral solution use in pregnant women to evaluate for a drug-associated risk of major birth defects, miscarriage, or adverse maternal or fetal outcomes. Animal reproductive studies have not been conducted with sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, and magnesium sulfate oral solution.
The estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population is unknown. All pregnancies have a background risk of birth defect, loss, or other adverse outcomes. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2% to 4% and 15% to 20%, respectively.
Risk Summary
There are no data available data on the presence of sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, and magnesium sulfate oral solution in human or animal milk, the effects on the breastfed child, or the effects on milk production. The developmental and health benefits of breastfeeding should be considered along with the mother's clinical need for sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, and magnesium sulfate oral solution and any potential adverse effects on the breastfed child from sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, and magnesium sulfate oral solution or from the underlying maternal condition.
Absorption and Elimination
After administration of sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, and magnesium sulfate oral solution in six healthy subjects, the time at which serum sulfate reached its highest point (T max) was approximately 17 hours after the first dose or approximately 5 hours after the second dose, and then declined with a half-life of 8.5 hours.
Excretion
Fecal excretion was the primary route of sulfate elimination.
Specific Populations
Patients with Renal Impairment
The disposition of sulfate after ingestion of sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, and magnesium sulfate oral solution was studied in patients (N=6) with moderate renal impairment (creatinine clearance of 30 to 49 mL/min). In patients with moderate renal impairment, mean AUC was 54% higher and mean C maxwas 44% higher, than healthy subjects.
The mean sulfate concentrations in healthy subjects and in patients with moderate renal impairment returned to their respective baselines by Day 6 after dose initiation. Urinary excretion of sulfate over 30 hours after the first dose was approximately 16% lower in patients with moderate renal impairment than in healthy subjects. These differences are not considered clinically meaningful.
Patients with Hepatic Impairment
The disposition of sulfate after ingestion of sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, and magnesium sulfate oral solution was studied in patients (N=6) with mild to moderate hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh grades A and B). Systemic exposure of serum sulfate (AUC and C max) was similar between healthy subjects and patients with hepatic impairment. The mean sulfate concentrations in healthy subjects and in patients with mild to moderate hepatic impairment returned to their respective baselines by Day 6 after dose initiation. Urinary excretion of sulfate over 30 hours after the first dose was similar between patients with hepatic impairment and healthy subjects.
Adults
The colon cleansing efficacy of sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, and magnesium sulfate oral solution was evaluated in a randomized, single-blind, active-controlled, multicenter study in adult patients scheduled to have a colonoscopy. There were 363 adult patients included in the efficacy analysis. Patients ranged in age from 20 to 84 years (mean age 55 years) and 54% were female. Race distribution was 86% Caucasian, 9% African-American, and 5% other.
Patients were randomized to one of the following two colon preparation regimens: sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, and magnesium sulfate oral solution or a marketed polyethylene glycol (PEG) plus electrolytes bowel preparation. In the Study sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, and magnesium sulfate oral solution was administered as a split-dose (two-day) regimen. The PEG bowel prep was also given as a split-dose preparation according to its labeled instructions. Patients receiving sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, and magnesium sulfate oral solution were limited to a light breakfast followed by clear liquids on the day prior to the day of colonoscopy; patients receiving the PEG bowel prep were allowed to have a normal breakfast and a light lunch, followed by clear liquids.
The primary efficacy endpoint was the proportion of patients with successful colon cleansing as assessed by the colonoscopists, who were not informed about the type of preparation received, as shown in Table 3. In the study, no clinically or statistically significant differences were seen between the group treated with sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, and magnesium sulfate oral solution and the group treated with the PEG bowel prep.
| Treatment Group | Regimen | N | Responders
Responders were patients whose colon preparations were graded excellent (no more than small bits of adherent feces/fluid) or good (small amounts of feces or fluid not interfering with the exam) by the colonoscopist. % (95% C. I.) | Sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, and magnesium sulfate – PEG Difference
(95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, and magnesium sulfate oral solution (with light breakfast) | Split-Dose | 180 | 97% (94%, 99%) | 2% Does not equal difference in tabled responder rates due to rounding effects. (-2%, 5%) |
| PEG bowel prep
(with normal breakfast & light lunch) | Split-Dose | 183 | 96% (92%, 98%) |
Pediatric use information is approved for Braintree Laboratories, Inc.'s SUPREP BOWEL PREP KIT (sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, and magnesium sulfate) oral solution. However, due to Braintree Laboratories, Inc.'s marketing exclusivity rights, this drug product is not labeled with that pediatric information.
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Revised: November 2023
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