The pharmacokinetics of tezepelumab-ekko were dose-proportional following administration of a single subcutaneous dose over a dose range from 2.1 mg to 420 mg (0.01 to 2 times the recommended dose). With an every 4 weeks dosing regimen, tezepelumab-ekko achieves steady-state after 12 weeks and the accumulation ratio for Ctrough is 1.86-fold.
Absorption
Following subcutaneous administration, the maximum serum concentration was reached in approximately 3 to 10 days. Based on population pharmacokinetic analysis, the estimated absolute bioavailability was approximately 77%. There was no clinically relevant difference in bioavailability when administered to different injection sites (abdomen, thigh, or upper arm).
Distribution
Based on population pharmacokinetic analysis, central and peripheral volume of distribution of tezepelumab-ekko were 3.9 L and 2.2 L, respectively, for a 70 kg individual.
Elimination
As a human monoclonal antibody, tezepelumab-ekko is eliminated by intracellular catabolism and there is no evidence of target-mediated clearance within the studied dose range. Based on population pharmacokinetic analysis, the estimated clearance for tezepelumab-ekko was 0.17 L/d for a 70 kg individual. The elimination half-life was approximately 26 days.
Metabolism
Tezepelumab-ekko is a human monoclonal antibody (IgG2λ) that is degraded by proteolytic enzymes widely distributed in the body and not metabolized by hepatic enzymes.
Specific Populations
Age, Sex, Race
Based on population pharmacokinetic analysis, age (12 to 80 years), sex and race (White, Black, Asian, Other) had no clinically meaningful effects on the pharmacokinetics of tezepelumab-ekko.
Body Weight
Based on population pharmacokinetic analysis, higher body weight was associated with lower exposure. However, the effect of body weight on exposure had no meaningful impact on efficacy or safety and does not require dose adjustment.
Patients with Renal impairment
No formal clinical studies have been conducted to investigate the effect of renal impairment on tezepelumab-ekko. The population pharmacokinetic analysis included 320 (23%) subjects with mild renal impairment and 38 (3%) subjects with moderate renal impairment. Tezepelumab-ekko clearance was similar in patients with mild renal impairment (estimated creatinine clearance 60 to 89 mL/min), moderate renal impairment (estimated creatinine clearance 30 to 59 mL/min) and those with normal renal function (estimated creatinine clearance ≥ 90 mL/min). Tezepelumab-ekko has not been studied in patients with severe renal impairment (estimated creatinine clearance < 30 mL/min).
Patients with Hepatic impairment
No formal clinical studies have been conducted to investigate the effect of hepatic impairment on tezepelumab-ekko. Since tezepelumab-ekko is degraded by proteolytic enzymes widely distributed in the body and not metabolized by hepatic-specific enzymes, change in hepatic function is not expected to influence tezepelumab-ekko clearance.
Drug Interaction Studies
No formal drug interaction studies have been conducted with tezepelumab-ekko. Based on the population pharmacokinetic analysis, commonly co-administered asthma medications (leukotriene receptor antagonist, theophylline/aminophylline, oral and inhaled corticosteroid) had no clinically meaningful effect on tezepelumab-ekko clearance.