- If the solution is not used immediately, carefully replace the syringe cap. Do not touch the syringe tip or the inside of the cap.
- Store the reconstituted solution at room temperature prior to administration, but use within 3 hours after reconstitution.
- XYNTHA, when reconstituted, contains polysorbate 80, which is known to increase the rate of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) extraction from polyvinyl chloride (PVC). This should be considered during the preparation and administration of XYNTHA, including storage time elapsed in a PVC container following reconstitution. The tubing of the infusion set included with this kit does not contain DEHP.
Risk Summary
It is not known whether XYNTHA can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman or can affect reproduction capacity. Animal reproduction studies have not been conducted with XYNTHA.
There is no information available on the effect of factor VIII replacement therapy on labor and delivery. XYNTHA should be used only if clinically indicated.
In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2–4% and 15–20%, respectively.
Risk Summary
There is no information regarding the presence of XYNTHA in human milk, the effect on the breastfed infant, or the effects on milk production. The developmental and health benefits of breastfeeding should be considered along with the mother's clinical need for XYNTHA and any potential adverse effects on the breastfed child from XYNTHA or from the underlying maternal condition.
On-demand Treatment and Control of Bleeding Episodes
On-demand treatment in adolescents and adults
Ninety-four (94) subjects, 12 years of age and older received XYNTHA in a routine prophylaxis treatment regimen with on-demand treatment administered as clinically indicated. All 94 subjects were treated with at least one dose and all are included in the intent-to-treat (ITT) population. Eighty-nine (89) subjects accrued ≥50 EDs. Median age for the 94 treated subjects was 24 years (mean 28 and min-max: 12–60 years).
Of these 94 subjects, 30 evaluable subjects participated in a randomized crossover pharmacokinetics substudy. Twenty-five (25/30) of these subjects with FVIII:C ≤1% completed both the first (PK1) and the second (PK2) pharmacokinetic assessments [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].16
Fifty-three subjects (53/94) received XYNTHA on-demand treatment for a total of 187 bleeding episodes. Seven of these bleeding episodes occurred in subjects prior to switching to a prophylaxis treatment regimen. One hundred ten of 180 bleeds (110/180 or 61%) occurred ≤48 hours after the last dose and 39% (70/180 bleeds) occurred >48 hours after the last dose. The majority of bleeds reported to occur ≤48 hours after the last prophylaxis dose were traumatic (64/110 bleeds or 58%). Forty-two bleeds (42/70 or 60%) reported to occur >48 hours after the last prophylaxis dose were spontaneous. The on-demand treatment dosing regimen was determined by the investigator. The median dose for on-demand treatment was 31 IU/kg (min-max: 6–74 IU/kg) and the median exposure per subject was 3 days (min-max: 1–26).
The majority of bleeding episodes (173/187 or 93%) resolved with 1 or 2 infusions (Table 5). One hundred thirty-two of 187 bleeding episodes (132/187 or 71%) treated with XYNTHA were rated excellent or good in their response to initial treatment, 45 (24%) were rated moderate. Five (3%) were rated no response, and 5 (3%) were not rated.
Table 5: Summary of Response to Infusions to Treat New Bleeding Episode by Number of Infusions Needed for Resolution | Response to 1st Infusion | Number of Infusions (%) 1 | Number of Infusions (%) 2 | Number of Infusions (%) 3 | Number of Infusions (%) 4 | Number of Infusions (%) >4 | Total Number of Bleeds |
|---|
Excellent Excellent: Definite pain relief and/or improvement in signs of bleeding starting within 8 hours after an infusion, with no additional infusion administered. | 42 (95.5) | 2 (4.5) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 44 |
Good Good: Definite pain relief and/or improvement in signs of bleeding starting within 8 hours after an infusion, with at least one additional infusion administered for complete resolution of the bleeding episode. | 69 (78.4) | 16 (18.2) | 3 (3.4) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 88 |
Moderate Moderate: Probable or slight improvement starting after 8 hours following the infusion, with at least one additional infusion administered for complete resolution of the bleeding episode. | 24 (53.3) | 16 (35.6) | 2 (4.4) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (6.7) | 45 |
No Response No Response: No improvement at all between infusions or during the 24 hour interval following an infusion, or condition worsens. | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (40.0) | 2 (40.0) | 1 (20.0) | 5 |
Not Assessed | 4 (80.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (20.0) | 0 (0.0) | 5 Includes one infusion with commercial FVIII that occurred before routine prophylaxis began. |
Total | 139 (74.3) | 34 (18.2) | 7 (3.7) | 3 (1.6) | 4 (2.1) | 187 |
Of the 94 subjects described above, in the first completed open-label safety and efficacy study of XYNTHA, 18 were adolescent subjects 12 to <17 years of age with severe to moderately severe hemophilia A (FVIII:C ≤2%). Ten (10) of these adolescent subjects, received XYNTHA for the on-demand treatment of 66 bleeding episodes, with the majority of the bleeding episodes (63/66 or 95%) resolving with 1 or 2 infusions. The response to infusion was rated on a pre-specified 4 point hemostatic efficacy scale. Thirty-eight (38) of 66 bleeding episodes (58%) were rated excellent or good in their response to initial treatment, 24 (36%) were rated as moderate, and 4 (6%) were not rated. The median dose per on demand infusion was 47 IU/kg (min-max: 24–74).
On-demand treatment in children
Additional data for 50 subjects are available from a second safety and efficacy study of XYNTHA in children (≤12 years of age) with severe to moderately severe hemophilia A (FVIII:C ≤2%). Of the 50 subjects, 38 subjects received XYNTHA for on-demand and follow-up treatment of 562 bleeding episodes with the majority of the bleeding episodes (518/562 or 92%) resolving with 1 or 2 infusions. Of 559 bleeding episodes treated with XYNTHA with response assessments to the first infusion, 526 (94%) were rated excellent or good in their response to initial treatment and 27 (5%) were rated as moderate. The median dose per on-demand infusion was 28 IU/kg (min-max: 10–92).
Perioperative Management
In a study (n=30) for surgical prophylaxis in subjects with hemophilia A, XYNTHA was administered to 25 efficacy-evaluable PTPs undergoing major surgical procedures (11 total knee replacements, 1 hip replacement, 5 synovectomies, 1 left ulnar nerve transposition release, 1 ventral hernia repair/scar revision, 1 knee arthroscopy, 1 revision and debridement of the knee after a total knee replacement, 1 hip arthroplasty revision, 1 stapes replacement, 1 ankle arthrodesis, and 1 pseudotumor excision).17
The results of the hemostatic efficacy ratings for these subjects are presented in Table 6. Investigator's ratings of efficacy at the end of surgery and at the end of the initial postoperative period were excellent or good for all assessments. Intraoperative blood loss was reported as "normal" or "absent" for all subjects. Thirteen of the subjects (13/25 or 52%) had blood loss in the postoperative period. The postoperative blood loss was rated as "normal" for ten of these cases while three cases were rated "abnormal" (1 due to hemorrhage following surgical trauma to the epigastric artery, 1 due to an 800 mL blood loss after hip replacement surgery, and 1 after an elbow synovectomy where the blood loss could not be measured by the investigator).
Table 6: Summary of Hemostatic Efficacy | Time of Hemostatic Efficacy Assessment | Excellent Excellent: Achieved hemostasis comparable to that expected after similar surgery in a patient without hemophilia. | Good Good: Prolonged time to hemostasis, with somewhat increased bleeding compared with that expected after similar surgery in a patient without hemophilia. | Number of subjects |
|---|
End of surgery | 18 (72%) | 7 (28%) | 25 |
End of initial postoperative period End of initial postoperative period is date of discharge or postoperative Day 6, whichever occurs later. | 23 (92%) | 2 (8%) | 25 |
Routine Prophylaxis
One hundred and two (102) subjects (94 subjects ≥12 years of age and 8 subjects <12 years of age) received XYNTHA for routine prophylaxis, for comparison of annualized bleeding rate (ABR) to on-demand treatment alone as a part of 2 completed studies. XYNTHA was administered for routine prophylaxis at a dose of 25 ± 5 IU/kg every other day (in subjects <12 years of age) or 30 ± 5 IU/kg administered 3 times weekly (in subjects 12 years of age or older), with provisions for dose escalation based on pre-specified criteria (over a 4-week period, 2 spontaneous bleeds into a major joint and/or target joint, or 3 or more spontaneous bleeding episodes in any location). Among these 102 subjects, 7 dose escalations were prescribed for 6 subjects.
In subjects ≥12 years, 42 subjects (42/94 or 45%) reported no bleeding while on routine prophylaxis. The mean±SD total ABR during routine prophylaxis was 4.0±6.64 with median (min-max) of 1.9 (0.0–44.2). The mean ABR for subjects during routine prophylaxis was 88% lower than the mean ABR for subjects during on-demand treatment (Table 7).
In subjects <12 years, 4 subjects (4/8 or 50%) reported no bleeding while on routine prophylaxis. The mean±SD total ABR during routine prophylaxis was 1.5±2.2 with median (min-max) of 0.6 (0.0–6.2). The mean ABR for subjects during routine prophylaxis was 97% lower than the mean ABR for subjects during on-demand treatment (Table 7).
Table 7: Summary of Annualized Bleeding Rate During Routine Prophylaxis Treatment with XYNTHA| Age Category (years) | Number of Subjects | % Reduction from OD | Treated Total Routine Prophylaxis ABR Mean ± SD Median (Min-Max) | Treated Spontaneous Routine Prophylaxis ABR Mean ± SD Median (Min-Max) | Treated Traumatic Routine Prophylaxis ABR Mean ± SD Median (Min-Max) |
|---|
| OD = on demand; ABR = annualized bleeding rate; SD = standard deviation, Min = minimum, Max = maximum. |
0 to <12 | 8 | 97% | 1.5 ± 2.20 | 0.6 ± 1.31 | 0.9 ± 1.30 |
| | | 0.6 (0.0–6.2) | 0.0 (0.0–3.7) | 0.0 (0.0–3.2) |
≥12 | 94 The treated total ABR mean ± SD during prophylaxis for the 93 subjects aged ≥12 years (outlier removed), was 3.6 ± 5.18 with median (min-max) of 1.9 (0.0–23.3). The spontaneous treated ABR mean ± SD was 1.6 ± 2.87 with median (min-max) of 0.0 (0.0–13.7). The traumatic ABR mean ± SD was 1.9 ± 3.99 with median (min-max) of 0.0 (0.0–23.3). | 88% | 4.0 ± 6.64 | 2.0 ± 4.25 | 2.0 ± 4.10 |
| | | 1.9 (0.0–44.2) | 0.0 (0.0–32.1) | 0.0 (0.0–23.3) |
12 to <17 | 18 The treated total ABR mean ± SD during prophylaxis for the 17 adolescents (outlier removed), was 5.2 ± 6.90 with median (min-max) of 2.0 (0.0–21.4). The spontaneous ABR mean ± SD was 1.6 ± 2.94 with median (min-max) of 0.0 (0.0–11.6). The traumatic ABR mean ± SD was 3.5 ± 5.77 with median (min-max) of 1.9 (0.0–19.6). | 84% | 7.3 ± 11.37 | 3.3 ± 7.73 | 4.0 ± 5.94 |
| | | 3.0 (0.0–44.2) | 0.0 (0.0–32.1) | 1.9 (0.0–19.6) |
≥17 | 76 | 89% | 3.2 ± 4.70 | 1.6 ± 2.88 | 1.6 ± 3.42 |
| | | 1.9 (0.0–23.3) | 0.0 (0.0–13.7) | 0.0 (0.0–23.3) |
How Supplied
Each XYNTHA Vial Kit contains: one prefilled diluent syringe containing 4 mL 0.9% Sodium Chloride with plunger rod for assembly, one vial adapter, one sterile infusion set, two alcohol swabs, one bandage, one gauze pad, and one package insert. The drug product, diluents for injection and the rest of components included within the XYNTHA 250, 500, 1000, or 2000 International Units kit are free from natural rubber and natural rubber latex.
XYNTHA is supplied in kits that include single-use vials containing nominally 250, 500, 1000, or 2000 International Units lyophilized powder per vial:
XYNTHA Vial Kit| Nominal Strength | Fill Size Color Indicator | Vial Kit NDC # |
|---|
250 International Units | Yellow | 58394-012-01 |
500 International Units | Blue | 58394-013-01 |
1000 International Units | Green | 58394-014-01 |
2000 International Units | Red | 58394-015-01 |
Actual factor VIII activity in International Units is stated on the label of each XYNTHA vial.