Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice.
MC‑FludT.14/L Trial II
The safety of GRAFAPEX was evaluated in 553 adult patients with AML and MDS in a randomized trial (MC‑FludT.14/L Trial II) comparing GRAFAPEX in combination with fludarabine to busulfan in combination with fludarabine as a preparative regimen for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. The patients were randomized to receive GRAFAPEX (n=270) 10 g/m² daily on day -4, -3 and -2 or to busulfan (n=283) 0.8 mg/kg every 6 hours on day -4 and -3 in combination with fludarabine 30 mg/m
2daily on day -6, -5, -4, -3 and -2, and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation on day 0
[see Clinical Studies (
14)]
.
Fatal regimen-related adverse reactions occurred within 30 days of transplantation in 1.9% of patients on the GRAFAPEX arm. All fatalities were due to pulmonary adverse reactions.
The most common adverse reactions (≥20%) in patients treated with GRAFAPEX were musculoskeletal pain, stomatitis, pyrexia, nausea, edema, infection, and vomiting. Selected Grade 3 or 4 nonhematological laboratory abnormalities were increased GGT, increased bilirubin, increased ALT, increased AST, and increased creatinine.
Table 3 shows the adverse reactions in Study MC‑FludT.14/L Trial II through transplant Day +30.
Table 3: Adverse Reactions in ≥10% of Patients through Transplant Day +30 in Study MC-FludT.14/L Trial II| Adverse Reaction* | All Grades | Grades 3 or 4 |
|---|
| GRAFAPEX(N = 270) | Busulfan(N = 283) | GRAFAPEX(N = 270) | Busulfan(N = 283) |
|---|
| % | % | % | % |
|---|
| Musculoskeletal pain | 39 | 27 | 5 | 2 |
| Stomatitis | 38 | 48 | 6 | 7 |
| Pyrexia | 34 | 36 | 1 | 3 |
| Nausea | 33 | 41 | 3 | 6 |
| Edema | 29 | 18 | 0.7 | 1 |
| Infection
1 | 23 | 18 | 12 | 6 |
| Vomiting | 22 | 19 | 1 | 1 |
| Rash | 17 | 13 | 1 | 1 |
| Diarrhea | 17 | 18 | 1 | 1 |
| Headache | 16 | 18 | 1 | 1 |
| Febrile neutropenia | 15 | 11 | 15 | 11 |
| Abdominal pain | 15 | 13 | 3 | 2 |
| Hypertension | 14 | 21 | 8 | 10 |
| Hemorrhage | 14 | 14 | 1 | 1 |
| Fatigue | 13 | 15 | 1 | 0.4 |
| Constipation | 12 | 12 | 0.4 | 0 |
| Tachycardia | 10 | 5 | 1 | 2 |
| Hepatotoxicity | 10 | 8 | 4 | 3 |
*Includes grouped terms
1Includes fatalities: n=6 in the GRAFAPEX arm and n=2 in the busulfan arm
Grading is based on Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 4.03
|
Clinically relevant adverse reactions in <10% of patients who received GRAFAPEX included:
Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (including cysts and polyps): second malignancy
Metabolism and nutrition disorders:
Decreased appetite, impaired glucose tolerance
Psychiatric disorders: Insomnia, confusional state, agitation
Nervous system disorders: Paresthesia, dizziness
Ear and labyrinth disorders: Vertigo
Cardiac disorders: Cardiac failure, pericardial effusion
Vascular disorders: Flushing, embolism, hypotension
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders: Pneumonitis, pleural effusion, pharyngeal or laryngeal inflammation, dyspnea, cough, oropharyngeal pain, hiccups, dysphonia
Gastrointestinal disorders: Oral pain, gastritis, dyspepsia, dysphagia, abdominal distension, dry mouth
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders: Palmar plantar erythrodysesthesia syndrome, pruritus, erythema, dermatitis, skin hyperpigmentation, dry skin
Renal and urinary disorders: Acute kidney injury, hematuria, urinary tract pain
General disorders and administration site conditions: Chills, pain
Investigations: Weight decreased or increased, increase of C‑reactive protein
All patients treated with GRAFAPEX and fludarabine developed neutropenia, anemia, and thrombocytopenia. One patient on the GRAFAPEX arm had graft failure. Table 4 summarizes the selected nonhematological laboratory abnormalities in Study MC-FludT.14/L Trial II by treatment arm through Day +30 posttransplant.
Table 4. Selected Grades 3-4 Laboratory Abnormalities through Transplant Day +30 in Study MC-FludT.14/L Trial II| Laboratory Abnormality | GRAFAPEX
N = 270
% | Busulfan
N = 283
% |
|---|
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase Increased | 16 | 28 |
Bilirubin Increased | 6 | 5 |
Alanine Aminotransferase Increased | 6 | 4 |
Aspartate Aminotransferase Increased | 4 | 1 |
Creatinine Increased | 3 | 0.7 |
Grading is based on Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 4.03 |