FDA Label for Livtencity

View Indications, Usage & Precautions

Livtencity Product Label

The following document was submitted to the FDA by the labeler of this product Takeda Pharmaceuticals America, Inc.. The document includes published materials associated whith this product with the essential scientific information about this product as well as other prescribing information. Product labels may durg indications and usage, generic names, contraindications, active ingredients, strength dosage, routes of administration, appearance, warnings, inactive ingredients, etc.

1 Indications And Usage



LIVTENCITY is indicated for the treatment of adults and pediatric patients (12 years of age and older and weighing at least 35 kg) with post-transplant cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection/disease that is refractory to treatment (with or without genotypic resistance) with ganciclovir, valganciclovir, cidofovir or foscarnet [see Use in Specific Populations (8.4), Clinical Studies (14)].




The recommended dosage in adults and pediatric patients (12 years of age and older and weighing at least 35 kg) is 400 mg (two 200 mg tablets) taken orally twice daily with or without food [see Use in Specific Populations (8.4), Clinical Pharmacology (12.3), Clinical Studies (14)].


2.2 Dosage Adjustment When Co-Administered With Anticonvulsants



If LIVTENCITY is co-administered with carbamazepine, increase the dosage of LIVTENCITY to 800 mg twice daily [see Drug Interactions (7.3)].

If LIVTENCITY is co-administered with phenytoin or phenobarbital, increase the dosage of LIVTENCITY to 1,200 mg twice daily [see Drug Interactions (7.3)].


3 Dosage Forms And Strengths



Tablet: 200 mg, blue, oval shaped convex tablet debossed with "SHP" on one side and "620" on the other side.


4 Contraindications



None.


5.1 Risk Of Reduced Antiviral Activity When Coadministered With Ganciclovir And Valganciclovir



LIVTENCITY may antagonize the antiviral activity of ganciclovir and valganciclovir by inhibiting human CMV pUL97 kinase, which is required for activation/phosphorylation of ganciclovir and valganciclovir. Coadministration of LIVTENCITY with ganciclovir or valganciclovir is not recommended [see Drug Interactions (7.1) and Microbiology (12.4)].


5.2 Virologic Failure During Treatment And Relapse Post-Treatment



Virologic failure due to resistance can occur during and after treatment with LIVTENCITY. Virologic relapse during the posttreatment period usually occurred within 4-8 weeks after treatment discontinuation. Some maribavir pUL97 resistance-associated substitutions confer cross-resistance to ganciclovir and valganciclovir. Monitor CMV DNA levels and check for maribavir resistance if the patient is not responding to treatment or relapses [see Microbiology (12.4) and Clinical Studies (14.1)].


5.3 Risk Of Adverse Reactions Or Loss Of Virologic Response Due To Drug Interactions



The concomitant use of LIVTENCITY and certain drugs may result in potentially significant drug interactions, some of which may lead to reduced therapeutic effect of LIVTENCITY or adverse reactions of concomitant drugs [see Drug Interactions (7)].

See Table 3 for steps to prevent or manage these possible or known significant drug interactions, including dosing recommendations. Consider the potential for drug interactions prior to and during LIVTENCITY therapy; review concomitant medications during LIVTENCITY therapy and monitor for adverse reactions.

Maribavir is primarily metabolized by CYP3A4. Drugs that are strong inducers of CYP3A4 are expected to decrease maribavir plasma concentrations and may result in reduced virologic response; therefore, coadministration of LIVTENCITY with these drugs is not recommended, except for selected anticonvulsants [see Dosage and Administration (2.2) and Drug Interactions (7.3)].


Other



Use with Immunosuppressant Drugs

LIVTENCITY has the potential to increase the drug concentrations of immunosuppressant drugs that are CYP3A4 and/or P-glycoprotein (P-gp) substrates where minimal concentration changes may lead to serious adverse events (including tacrolimus, cyclosporine, sirolimus and everolimus). Frequently monitor immunosuppressant drug levels throughout treatment with LIVTENCITY, especially following initiation and after discontinuation of LIVTENCITY and adjust the immunosuppressant dose, as needed [see Drug Interactions (7.3) and Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].

Laboratory Abnormalities

Selected laboratory abnormalities reported in subjects with refractory (with or without genotypic resistance) CMV infections in Trial 303 are presented in Table 2.

Table 2: Selected Laboratory Abnormalities Reported in Trial 303
Laboratory ParameterLIVTENCITY
N=234
n (%)
IAT
N=116
n (%)
Neutrophils (cells /µL)
  <5004 (2)4 (3)
  ≥500 to <7507 (3)7 (6)
  ≥750 to <1,00010 (4)6 (5)
Hemoglobin (g/dL)
  <6.53 (1)1 (1)
  ≥6.5 to <8.034 (15)23 (20)
  ≥8.0 to <9.576 (32)33 (28)
Platelets (cells /µL)
  <25,00011 (5)6 (5)
  ≥25,000 to <50,00027 (12)10 (9)
  ≥50,000 to <100,00041 (18)20 (17)
Creatinine (mg/dL)
  >2.516 (7)12 (10)
  >1.5 to ≤2.578 (33)29 (25)

Risk Summary

No adequate human data are available to establish whether LIVTENCITY poses a risk to pregnancy outcomes. In animal reproduction studies, embryo-fetal survival was decreased in rats, but not in rabbits, at maribavir exposures less than those observed in humans at the recommended human dose (RHD) (see Data).

The background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population is unknown. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2-4% and 15-20%, respectively.

Data

Animal Data

In a combined fertility and embryofetal development study, maribavir was administered to male and female rats at oral doses of 100, 200, or 400 mg/kg/day. Females were dosed for 15 consecutive days prior to pairing, throughout pairing, and up to gestation day (GD) 17, while males were dosed 29 days prior to mating and throughout mating. A decrease in the number of viable fetuses and increase in early resorptions and post-implantation losses were observed at ≥100 mg/kg/day (at exposures approximately half the human exposure at the RHD). Intermittent reduced body weight gain was observed in pregnant animals at ≥200 mg/kg/day. Maribavir had no effect on embryo-fetal growth or development at dose levels up to 400 mg/kg/day, at exposures similar to those observed in humans at the RHD.

No significant toxicological effects on embryo-fetal growth or development were observed in rabbits when maribavir was administered at oral doses up to 100 mg/kg/day from GD 8 to 20, at exposures approximately half the human exposure at the RHD.

In the pre-and postnatal developmental toxicity study maribavir was administered to pregnant rats at oral doses of 50, 150, or 400 mg/kg/day from GD 7 to postnatal day (PND) 21. A delay in developmental milestones was observed, including pinna detachment at doses ≥150 mg/kg/day and eye opening and preputial separation associated with reduced bodyweight gain of the offspring at 400 mg/kg/day. In addition, decreased fetal survival and litter loss was observed due to maternal toxicity and poor maternal care, respectively, at doses ≥150 mg/kg/day. No effects were observed at 50 mg/kg/day (which is estimated to be less than the human exposure at the RHD). No effects on number of offspring, proportion of males, number of live pups, or survival to PND 4 were observed at any dose in the offspring born to the second generation.

Risk Summary

It is not known whether maribavir or its metabolites are present in human or animal milk, affect milk production, or have effects on the breastfed infant. The developmental and health benefits of breastfeeding should be considered along with the mother's clinical need for LIVTENCITY and any potential adverse effects to the breast-fed child.

Exposure-response

In dose-ranging studies that evaluated doses of 400 mg twice daily and twice daily doses of two and three times the recommended dose, no exposure-response relationship was observed for viral load or probability of unquantifiable plasma CMV DNA.

In Phase 3 Trial 303 that evaluated a maribavir dose of 400 mg twice daily, increasing maribavir exposure was not associated with increased probability of confirmed plasma CMV DNA < LLOQ (lower limit of quantification) at Week 8.

Cardiac Electrophysiology

At three times the recommended dose (approximately twice the peak concentration observed following the recommended dose), LIVTENCITY does not prolong the QT interval to any clinically relevant extent.

Specific Populations

There were no clinically significant differences in the pharmacokinetics of maribavir based on age (18-79 years), gender, race (Caucasian, Black, Asian, or others), ethnicity (Hispanic/Latino or non-Hispanic/Latino), body weight (36 to 141 kg), mild to severe renal impairment (measured creatinine clearance ranging from 12 to 70 mL/min), or mild to moderate hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh Class A or B).

Pediatric Patients

The pharmacokinetics of maribavir in patients less than 18 years of age have not been evaluated.

Using modeling and simulation, the recommended dosing regimen is expected to result in comparable steady-state plasma exposures of maribavir in patients 12 years of age and older and weighing at least 35 kg as observed in adults [see Use in Specific Populations (8.4)].

Drug Interactions

Based on in vitro studies, the metabolism of maribavir is not mediated by CYP2B6, CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP3A5, UGT1A4, UGT1A6, UGT1A10, or UGT2B15. The transport of maribavir is not mediated by organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP)1B1, OATP1B3, or bile salt export pump (BSEP).

At clinically relevant concentrations, clinically significant interactions are not expected when LIVTENCITY is co-administered with substrates of CYP1A2, CYP2A6, CYP2B6, CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2E1, CYP2D6, CYP3A4; uridine diphosphate-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT)1A1, UGT1A4, UGT1A6, UGT1A9, UGT2B7; P-gp; BSEP; multidrug and toxin extrusion protein (MATE)1/2K; organic anion transporters (OAT)1 and OAT3; organic cation transporters (OCT)1 and OCT2; OATP1B1 and OATP1B3. In a clinical drug-drug interaction cocktail study, coadministration with maribavir had no effect on substrates of CYP1A2, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, and CYP3A4.

Drug interaction studies were performed with LIVTENCITY and other drugs likely to be co-administered for pharmacokinetic interactions. The effects of co-administration of other drugs on the pharmacokinetics of maribavir are summarized in Table 6, and the effects of maribavir on the pharmacokinetics of co-administered drugs are summarized in Table 7.

Dosing recommendations as a result of established and other potentially significant drug-drug interactions with LIVTENCITY are provided in Table 3 [see Drug Interactions (7.3)].

Table 6: Changes in Pharmacokinetics of LIVTENCITY in the Presence of Co-administered Drugs
Co-administered Drug and RegimenLIVTENCITY RegimenNGeometric Mean Ratio (90% CI) of LIVTENCITY PK with/without Co-administered Drug
[No Effect=1.00]
AUCCmaxCtau

tau is maribavir dosing interval: 12 hours

Anticonvulsants
Carbamazepine

Based on physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling results from 10 trials of 20 subjects each. The maribavir dosing regimen and geometric mean ratios (5th percentile, 95th percentile) correspond to dose-adjusted maribavir with inducer vs 400 mg twice daily without inducer.

400 mg once daily800 mg twice daily / 400 mg twice daily2001.40
(1.09, 1.67)
1.53
(1.22, 1.79)
1.05
(0.71, 1.40)
Phenobarbital100 mg once daily1,200 mg twice daily / 400 mg twice daily2001.80
(1.18, 2.35)
2.17
(1.69, 2.57)
0.94
(0.22, 1.97)
Phenytoin300 mg once daily1,200 mg twice daily / 400 mg twice daily2001.70
(1.06, 2.46)
2.05
(1.49, 2.63)
0.89
(0.26, 2.04)
Antimycobacterials
Rifampin600 mg once daily400 mg twice daily140.40
(0.36, 0.44)
0.61
(0.52, 0.72)
0.18
(0.14, 0.25)
Antifungals
Ketoconazole400 mg single dose400 mg single dose191.53
(1.44, 1.63)
1.10
(1.01, 1.19)
-
Antacids
Aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide antacid20 mL

Containing 800 mg aluminum hydroxide and 800 mg magnesium hydroxide

single dose
100 mg single dose150.89
(0.83, 0.96)
0.84
(0.75, 0.94)
-
Table 7: Drug Interactions: Changes in Pharmacokinetics for Co-administered Drug in the Presence of 400 mg Twice Daily LIVTENCITY
Co-administered Drug and RegimenNGeometric Mean Ratio (90% CI) of Co-administered Drug PK with/without LIVTENCITY
[No Effect=1.00]
AUCCmaxCtau
Immunosuppressants
Tacrolimusstable dose, twice daily (total daily dose: 0.5-16 mg)201.51
(1.39, 1.65)
1.38
(1.20, 1.57)
1.57
(1.41, 1.74)
P-gp substrate
Digoxin0.5 mg
single dose
181.21
(1.10, 1.32)
1.25
(1.13, 1.38)
-

Mechanism of Action

The antiviral activity of maribavir is mediated by competitive inhibition of the protein kinase activity of human CMV enzyme pUL97, which results in inhibition of the phosphorylation of proteins. Maribavir inhibited wild-type pUL97 protein kinase in a biochemical assay with an IC50 value of 0.003 µM. Maribavir and its 5'-mono- and 5'-triphosphate derivatives at 100 µM had no significant effect on the incorporation of deoxynucleoside triphosphates by human CMV DNA polymerase. At a concentration of 100 µM, neither maribavir nor its 5′-triphosphate derivative inhibited CMV DNA polymerase delta, however the 5′-monophosphate derivative inhibited incorporation by polymerase delta of all 4 natural dNTPs by approximately 55%.

Antiviral Activity

Maribavir inhibited human CMV replication in virus yield reduction, DNA hybridization, and plaque reduction assays in human lung fibroblast cell line (MRC-5), human embryonic kidney (HEK), and human foreskin fibroblast (MRHF) cells. The EC50 values ranged from 0.03 to 2.2 µM depending on the cell line and assay endpoint. The cell culture antiviral activity of maribavir has also been evaluated against CMV clinical isolates. The median EC50 values were 0.1 µM (n=10, range 0.03-0.13 µM) and 0.28 µM (n=10, range 0.12-0.56 µM) using DNA hybridization and plaque reduction assays, respectively. No significant difference in EC50 values across the four human CMV glycoprotein B genotypes (N = 2, 1, 4, and 1 for gB1, gB2, gB3, and gB4, respectively) was seen.

Combination Antiviral Activity

When maribavir was tested in combination with other antiviral compounds, antagonism of the antiviral activity was seen in combination with ganciclovir. No antagonism was observed with cidofovir, foscarnet, letermovir and rapamycin at the drugs EC50 values. The pUL97 kinase activity inhibited by maribavir is necessary to activate valganciclovir/ganciclovir.

Viral Resistance

In Cell Culture

Selection of maribavir resistant virus in cell culture and genotypic plus phenotypic characterization of these has identified amino acid substitutions that confer reduced susceptibility to maribavir. Substitutions identified in pUL97 include L337M, V353A, L397R, T409M, and H411L/N/Y. These substitutions confer reductions in susceptibility that range from 3.5-fold to >200-fold. Substitutions were also identified in pUL27:R233S, W362R, W153R, L193F, A269T, V353E, L426F, E22stop, W362stop, 218delC, and 301-311del. These substitutions confer reductions in susceptibility that range from 1.7- to 4.8-fold.

In Clinical Studies

In Phase 2 Study 202 evaluating maribavir in 120 hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) or solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients with phenotypic resistance to valganciclovir/ganciclovir, DNA sequence analysis of a select region of pUL97 (amino acids 270 to 482) and pUL27 (amino acids 108 to 424) was performed on 34 paired virologic failure samples. There were 25 patients with treatment-emergent maribavir resistance-associated substitution(s) in pUL97 F342Y (4.5-fold reduction in susceptibility), T409M (78-fold reduction), H411L/Y (69- and 12-fold reduction) and/or C480F (224-fold reduction).

In Phase 3 Study 303 evaluating maribavir in patients with phenotypic resistance to valganciclovir/ganciclovir, DNA sequence analysis of the entire coding regions of pUL97 and pUL27 was performed on 134 paired sequences from maribavir-treated patients. The treatment-emergent pUL97 substitutions F342Y (4.5-fold), T409M (78-fold), H411L/N/Y (69-, 9-, and 12-fold, respectively), and/or C480F (224-fold) were detected in 58 subjects (47 subjects were on-treatment failures and 11 subjects were relapsers). One subject with the pUL27 L193F substitution (2.6-fold reduced susceptibility to maribavir) at baseline did not meet the primary endpoint.

Cross Resistance

Cross-resistance has been observed between maribavir and ganciclovir/valganciclovir in cell culture and in clinical studies.

pUL97 valganciclovir/ganciclovir resistance-associated substitutions F342S/Y, K355del, V356G, D456N, V466G, C480R, P521L, and Y617del reduce susceptibility to maribavir >4.5-fold. Other vGCV/GCV resistance pathways have not been evaluated for cross-resistance to maribavir. pUL54 DNA polymerase substitutions conferring resistance to vGCV/GCV, cidofovir, or foscarnet remained susceptible to maribavir.

Substitutions pUL97 F342Y and C480F are maribavir treatment-emergent resistance-associated substitutions that confer >1.5-fold reduced susceptibility to vGCV/GCV, a fold reduction that is associated with phenotypic resistance to vGCV/GCV. The clinical significance of this cross-resistance to vGCV/GCV for these substitutions has not been determined. Maribavir resistant virus remained susceptible to cidofovir and foscarnet. Additionally, there are no reports of any pUL27 maribavir resistance-associated substitutions being evaluated for vGCV/GCV, cidofovir, or foscarnet cross-resistance. Given the lack of resistance-associated substitutions for these drugs mapping to pUL27, cross-resistance is not expected for pUL27 maribavir substitutions.

Mutagenicity

Maribavir was negative in a bacterial mutation assay and the in vivo rat bone marrow micronucleus assay. Maribavir was positive in the absence of metabolic activation in the mouse lymphoma assay, and the results were equivocal in the presence of metabolic activation.

Impairment of Fertility

Although decreased sperm straight line velocity was observed in males (at maribavir exposures less than those observed in humans at the RHD), there were no effects on fertility in males or females in a combined oral fertility and embryo-fetal study in rats administered maribavir at up to 400 mg/kg/day [see Use in Specific Populations (8.1)].

Primary Efficacy Endpoint

The primary efficacy endpoint was confirmed CMV DNA level < LLOQ (i.e. <137 IU/mL) as assessed by COBAS® AmpliPrep/COBAS® TaqMan® CMV test) at the end of Week 8. The key secondary endpoint was CMV DNA level < LLOQ and CMV infection symptom control at the end of Study Week 8 with maintenance of this treatment effect through Study Week 16.

For the primary endpoint, LIVTENCITY was statistically superior to IAT (56% vs. 24%, respectively), as shown in Table 9.

Table 9: Primary Efficacy Endpoint Analysis at Week 8 (Randomized Set) in Trial 303
LIVTENCITY 400 mgIAT
Twice Daily
N=235
n (%)
N=117
n (%)
CI=confidence interval; CMV=cytomegalovirus; IAT=investigator-assigned anti-CMV treatment; N=number of patients.
Primary Endpoint: Confirmed CMV DNA Level < LLOQ at Week 8

Confirmed CMV DNA level < LLOQ at the end of Week 8 (2 consecutive samples separated by at least 5 days with DNA levels < LLOQ [ie, <137 IU/mL]).

Responders131 (56)28 (24)
Adjusted difference in proportion of responders (95% CI)

Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel weighted average approach was used for the adjusted difference in proportion (maribavir – IAT), the corresponding 95% CI, and the p-value after adjusting for the transplant type and baseline plasma CMV DNA concentration. Only those with both stratification factors were included in the computation.

33 (23, 43)
p-value: adjusted<0.001

The reasons for failure to meet the primary endpoint are summarized in Table 10.

CMV DNA never < LLOQ
  • CMV DNA breakthroughAdverse events
  • Deaths
  • Withdrawal of consent
  • Other reasons

    Other reasons= other reasons not including adverse events, deaths and lack of efficacy, withdrawal of consent, and non-compliance.

    Table 10: Analysis of Failures for Primary Efficacy Endpoint
    Outcome at Week 8LIVTENCITY
    N=235
    n (%)
    IAT
    N=117
    n (%)
    CMV=Cytomegalovirus, IAT=Investigator-assigned anti-CMV Treatment, MBV=maribavir.
    Percentages are based on the number of subjects in the Randomized Set.
    Responders (Confirmed DNA Level < LLOQ)

    Confirmed CMV DNA level < LLOQ at the end of Week 8 (2 consecutive samples separated by at least 5 days with DNA levels < LLOQ [ie, <137 IU/mL]).

    131 (56)28 (24)
    Non-responders:104 (44)89 (76)
      Due to virologic failure

    CMV DNA breakthrough=achieved confirmed CMV DNA level < LLOQ and subsequently became detectable.

    :
    80 (34)42 (36)
      •  •
    48 (20)
    32 (14)
    35 (30)
    7 (6)
      Due to drug/study discontinuation:21 (9)44 (38)
      •  •  •  •
    8 (3)
    10 (4)
    1 (<1)
    2 (1)
    26 (22)
    3 (3)
    9 (8)
    6 (5)
      Due to other reasons but remained on study

    Includes subjects who completed study assigned treatment and were non-responders.

    3 (1)3 (3)

    The treatment effect of LIVTENCITY was consistent across transplant type, age group, and the presence of CMV syndrome/disease at baseline. However, LIVTENCITY was less effective against subjects with increased CMV DNA levels (≥50,000 IU/mL) and subjects with absence of genotypic resistance (see Table 11).

    Table 11: Responders by Subgroup in Trial 303
    LIVTENCITY 400 mg Twice DailyIAT
    N=235N=117
    n/N%n/N%
    Transplant type
      SOT79/1425618/6926
      HSCT52/935610/4821
    Baseline CMV DNA viral load
      Low (<9,100 IU/mL)95/1536221/8525
      Intermediate (≥9,100 to <91,000 IU/mL)32/68475/2520
        ≥9,100 to <50,000 IU/mL29/59494/2020
        ≥50,000 to <91,000 IU/mL3/9331/520
      High (≥91,000 IU/mL)4/14292/729
    Genotypic resistance to other anti-CMV agents
      Yes76/1216314/6920
      No42/964411/3432
    CMV syndrome/disease at baseline
      Yes10/21481/813
      No121/2145727/10925
    Age Group
      18 to 44 years28/55518/3225
      45 to 64 years71/1265619/6928
      ≥65 years32/54591/166

    Secondary Endpoints

    Table 12 shows results of the secondary endpoint, achievement of CMV DNA level < LLOQ and symptom controla at Week 8 with maintenance through Week 16.

    Table 12. Achievement of CMV DNA Level < LLOQ and CMV Infection Symptom Control at Week 8, With Maintenance Through Week 16

    CMV infection symptom control was defined as resolution or improvement of tissue-invasive disease or CMV syndrome for symptomatic patients at baseline, or no new symptoms for patients who were asymptomatic at baseline

    LIVTENCITY
    400 mg
    IAT
    Twice Daily
    N=235
    n (%)
    N=117
    n (%)
    Responders44 (19)12 (10)
    Adjusted difference in proportion of responders (95% CI)

    Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel weighted average approach was used for the adjusted difference in proportion (maribavir – IAT), the corresponding 95% CI, and the p-value after adjusting for the transplant type and baseline plasma CMV DNA concentration. Only those with both stratification factors were included in the computation.

    9 (2,17)
    p-value: adjusted0.013

    Virologic relapse during follow-up period: After the end of treatment phase, 65/131 (50%) of subjects in the LIVTENCITY group and 11/28 (39%) subjects in the IAT group who achieved CMV DNA level < LLOQ experienced virologic relapse during the follow-up period. Most of the relapses 58/65 (89%) in LIVTENCITY group and 11/11 (100% in IAT group)] occurred within 4 weeks after study drug discontinuation; and the median time to relapse after CMV DNA level < LLOQ was 15 days (range 7, 71) in the LIVTENCITY group and 15 days (range 7, 29) in the IAT group [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2) and Microbiology (12.4)].

    New onset symptomatic CMV infection: For the entire study period, a similar percentage of subjects in each treatment group developed new onset symptomatic CMV infection (LIVTENCITY 6% [14/235]; IAT 6% [7/113]).

    Overall mortality: All-cause mortality was assessed for the entire study period. A similar percentage of subjects in each treatment group died during the trial (LIVTENCITY 11% [27/235]; IAT 11% [13/117]).

    Distributed by:
    Takeda Pharmaceuticals America, Inc.
    Lexington, MA 02421

    LIVTENCITY™ and the LIVTENCITY™ logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of Takeda Pharmaceuticals International AG. TAKEDA® and the TAKEDA Logo® are registered trademarks of Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited.

    ©2021 Takeda Pharmaceuticals U.S.A., Inc. All rights reserved.

    MAR358


    6.1 Clinical Trials Experience



    Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice.

    The safety of LIVTENCITY was evaluated in one Phase 3 multi-center, randomized, open-label, active-control trial in which 352 adult transplant recipients were randomized, and treated with LIVTENCITY (N=234) or Investigator-Assigned Treatment (IAT) consisting of monotherapy or dual therapy with ganciclovir, valganciclovir, foscarnet, or cidofovir as dosed by the investigator (N=116) for up to 8-weeks following a diagnosis of CMV infection/disease refractory to treatment (with or without genotypic resistance) with ganciclovir, valganciclovir, foscarnet or cidofovir. The mean treatment durations (SD) for LIVTENCITY and IAT were 48.6 (± 13.82) and 31.2 (± 16.91) days, respectively. The most common adverse events occurring in more than 10% of subjects receiving LIVTENCITY are outlined in Table 1.

    Table 1: Adverse Events (All Grades) Reported in >10% of Subjects in the LIVTENCITY Group in Trial 303
    ADVERSE EVENTLIVTENCITY
    N = 234
    (%)
    IAT

    IAT (Investigator-Assigned Treatment) included monotherapy or dual therapy with ganciclovir, valganciclovir, foscarnet, or cidofovir as dosed by the investigator


    N=116
    (%)
    Taste disturbance

    taste disturbance includes the following reported preferred terms: ageusia, dysgeusia, hypogeusia and taste disorder

    464
    Nausea2122
    Diarrhea1921
    Vomiting1416
    Fatigue129

    Similar proportions of subjects experienced serious adverse events (38% in the LIVTENCITY group and 37% in the IAT group). The most common serious adverse event in both treatment groups occurred in the Infections and Infestations System Organ Class (SOC) (23% in the LIVTENCITY group and 15% in the IAT group) with CMV infection and disease being the most common in both groups.

    A higher proportion of subjects in the IAT group discontinued study medication due to an adverse event compared to the LIVTENCITY group (32% in the IAT group versus 13% in the LIVTENCITY group). The most commonly reported causes that led to study drug discontinuation were neutropenia (9%) and acute kidney injury (5%) in the IAT group and dysgeusia, diarrhea, nausea, and recurrence of underlying disease (each reported at 1%) in the LIVTENCITY group.

    Taste disturbance occurred in 46% of subjects treated with LIVTENCITY. These events rarely led to discontinuation of LIVTENCITY (1%) and, for 37% of the subjects, these events resolved while on therapy (median duration 43 days; range 7 to 59 days). For the subjects with ongoing taste disturbance after drug discontinuation, resolution occurred in 89%. In subjects with resolution of symptoms after drug discontinuation, the median duration of symptoms off treatment was 6 days (range 2 to 85 days).


    7.1 Reduced Antiviral Activity When Coadministered With Ganciclovir Or Valganciclovir



    LIVTENCITY is not recommended to be coadministered with valganciclovir/ganciclovir (vGCV/GCV). LIVTENCITY may antagonize the antiviral activity of ganciclovir and valganciclovir by inhibiting human CMV pUL97 kinase, which is required for activation/phosphorylation of ganciclovir and valganciclovir [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1) and Microbiology (12.4)].


    7.2 Potential For Other Drugs To Affect Livtencity



    Maribavir is a substrate of CYP3A4. Coadministration of LIVTENCITY with strong inducers of CYP3A4 is not recommended, except for selected anticonvulsants [see Dosage and Administration (2.2) and Drug Interactions (7.3)].


    7.3 Potential For Livtencity To Affect Other Drugs



    Maribavir is a weak inhibitor of CYP3A4, and an inhibitor of P-gp and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP). Co-administration of LIVTENCITY with drugs that are sensitive substrates of CYP3A, P-gp and BCRP may result in a clinically relevant increase in plasma concentrations of these substrates (see Table 3). Table 3 provides a list of established or potentially clinically significant drug interactions, based on either clinical drug interaction studies or predicted interactions due to the expected magnitude of interaction and potential for serious adverse events or decrease in efficacy [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3) and Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].

    Table 3: Established and Other Potentially Significant Drug Interactions

    This table is not all inclusive.

    Concomitant Drug Class: Drug NameEffect on ConcentrationClinical Comments
    ↓=decrease, ↑ = increase
    Antiarrhythmics
      Digoxin

    The interaction between LIVTENCITY and the concomitant drug was evaluated in a clinical study [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].

    ↑ DigoxinUse caution when LIVTENCITY and digoxin are coadministered. Monitor serum digoxin concentrations. The dose of digoxin may need to be reduced when coadministered with LIVTENCITY

    Refer to the respective prescribing information.

    .
    Anticonvulsants
      Carbamazepine↓ MaribavirA dose adjustment of LIVTENCITY to 800 mg twice daily is recommended when co-administered with carbamazepine.
      Phenobarbital↓ MaribavirA dose adjustment of LIVTENCITY to 1,200 mg twice daily is recommended when co-administration with phenobarbital.
      Phenytoin↓ MaribavirA dose adjustment of LIVTENCITY to 1,200 mg twice daily is recommended when co-administration with phenytoin.
    Antimycobacterials
      Rifabutin↓ MaribavirCo-administration of LIVTENCITY and rifabutin is not recommended due to potential for a decrease in efficacy of LIVTENCITY.
      Rifampin↓ MaribavirCo-administration of LIVTENCITY and rifampin is not recommended due to potential for a decrease in efficacy of LIVTENCITY.
    Herbal Products
       St. John's wort↓ MaribavirCo-administration of LIVTENCITY and St. John's wort is not recommended due to potential for a decrease in efficacy of LIVTENCITY.
    HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors
      Rosuvastatin↑ RosuvastatinThe patient should be closely monitored for rosuvastatin-related events, especially the occurrence of myopathy and rhabdomyolysis
    Immunosuppressants
      Cyclosporine↑ CyclosporineFrequently monitor cyclosporine levels throughout treatment with LIVTENCITY, especially following initiation and after discontinuation of LIVTENCITY and adjust dose, as needed.
      Everolimus↑ EverolimusFrequently monitor everolimus levels throughout treatment with LIVTENCITY, especially following initiation and after discontinuation of LIVTENCITY and adjust dose, as needed.
      Sirolimus↑ SirolimusFrequently monitor sirolimus levels throughout treatment with LIVTENCITY, especially following initiation and after discontinuation of LIVTENCITY and adjust dose, as needed.
      Tacrolimus↑ TacrolimusFrequently monitor tacrolimus levels throughout treatment with LIVTENCITY, especially following initiation and after discontinuation of LIVTENCITY and adjust dose, as needed.

    7.4 Drugs Without Clinically Significant Interactions With Livtencity



    No clinically significant interactions were observed in clinical drug-drug interaction studies of LIVTENCITY and ketoconazole, antacid, caffeine, S-warfarin, voriconazole, dextromethorphan, or midazolam [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].


    8.4 Pediatric Use



    The recommended dosing regimen in pediatric patients 12 years of age and older and weighing at least 35 kg is the same as that in adults. Use of LIVTENCITY in this age group is based on the following:

    • Evidence from controlled studies of LIVTENCITY in adults
    • Population pharmacokinetic (PK) modeling and simulation demonstrating that age and body weight had no clinically meaningful effect on plasma exposures of LIVTENCITY
    • LIVTENCITY exposure is expected to be similar between adults and children 12 years of age and older and weighing at least 35 kg
    • The course of the disease is similar between adults and pediatric patients to allow extrapolation of data in adults to pediatric patients [see Dosage and Administration (2.2), Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) and Clinical Studies (14)]
    • The safety and effectiveness of LIVTENCITY have not been established in children younger than 12 years of age.


    8.5 Geriatric Use



    No dosage adjustment is required for patients over 65 years of age based on the results from population pharmacokinetics analysis [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)] and efficacy and safety data from the clinical studies. In the clinical Study 303, 54 patients aged 65 years and over were treated with LIVTENCITY. Safety, effectiveness, and pharmacokinetics were consistent between elderly patients (≥65 years) and younger patients (<65 years).


    8.6 Impaired Renal Function



    No dose adjustment of LIVTENCITY is needed for patients with mild, moderate, or severe renal impairment [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)]. Administration of LIVTENCITY in patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD), including patients on dialysis, has not been studied.


    8.7 Impaired Hepatic Function



    No dose adjustment of LIVTENCITY is needed for patients with mild (Child-Pugh Class A) or moderate (Child-Pugh Class B) hepatic impairment [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)]. Administration of LIVTENCITY in patients with severe hepatic impairment has not been studied.


    10 Overdosage



    There is no known specific antidote for LIVTENCITY. In case of overdose, it is recommended that the patient be monitored for adverse reactions and appropriate symptomatic treatment instituted. Due to the high plasma protein binding of LIVTENCITY, dialysis is unlikely to reduce plasma concentrations of LIVTENCITY significantly.


    11 Description



    LIVTENCITY tablets contain maribavir, a benzimidazole riboside CMV pUL97 protein kinase inhibitor. The chemical name of maribavir is 5,6-Dichloro-N-(1-methylethyl)-1-β-L-ribofuranosyl-1H-benzimidazol-2-amine and the structural formula is:

    The molecular formula for maribavir is C15H19Cl2N3O4 and its molecular weight is 376.23.

    Each 200 mg tablet for oral administration contains 200 mg maribavir and the following inactive ingredients: FD&C Blue #1, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol, sodium starch glycolate, titanium dioxide, and talc.


    12.1 Mechanism Of Action



    LIVTENCITY is an antiviral drug against human CMV [see Microbiology (12.4)].


    12.3 Pharmacokinetics



    LIVTENCITY pharmacological activity is due to the parent drug. Following oral administration, plasma maribavir exposure (Cmax and AUC) increased approximately dose-proportionally following a single dose of 50 to 1600 mg (0.125 to four times the recommended dose) and multiple doses up to 2400 mg per day (three times the recommended daily dose). Maribavir PK is time-independent. With twice-daily dosing, steady state is reached within 2 days, with mean accumulation ratios of Cmax and AUC ranging from 1.37 to 1.47.

    The pharmacokinetic properties of maribavir following administration of LIVTENCITY are displayed in Table 4. The multiple-dose pharmacokinetic parameters are provided in Table 5.

    Table 4: Pharmacokinetic Properties of Maribavir
    Absorption

    When taken orally with a moderate fat meal versus fasted, the AUC0‑∞ and Cmax (geometric mean ratio [90% CI] of maribavir are 0.864 [0.804, 0.929] and 0.722 [0.656, 0.793], respectively.

    Tmax (h), median1.0 to 3.0
    Distribution
    Mean apparent steady-state volume of distribution (Vss, L)27.3
    % bound to human plasma proteins 98.0 across the concentration range of 0.05-200 µg/mL
    Blood-to plasma ratio1.37
    Elimination
    Major route of eliminationHepatic metabolism
    Half-life (t1/2) in transplant patients (h), mean4.32
    Oral clearance (CL/F) in transplant patients (L/h), mean2.85
    Metabolism
      Metabolic pathways

    In vitro studies have shown that maribavir is biotransformed into a major circulating inactive metabolite: VP 44469 (N-dealkylated metabolite), with a metabolic ratio of 0.15 - 0.20

    CYP3A4 (major) and CYP1A2 (minor)
    Excretion
    % of dose excreted as total 14C (unchanged drug) in urine

    Dosing in mass balance study: single-dose administration of [14C] maribavir oral solution 400 mg containing 200 nCi of total radioactivity.

    61 (<2)
    % of dose excreted as total 14C (unchanged drug) in feces14 (5.7)
    Table 5. Multiple-Dose Pharmacokinetic Parameters of Maribavir
    Geometric Mean (%CV)

    Pharmacokinetic parameter values based on post-hoc estimates from maribavir population pharmacokinetic model in transplant patients with CMV receiving 400 mg of LIVTENCITY twice daily with or without food.

    AUC0-tau

    tau is maribavir dosing interval: 12 hours


    (µg∙h/mL)
    Cmax
    (µg/mL)
    Ctau
    (µg/mL)
    CV = Coefficient of Variation; Cmax = Maximum concentration; AUC0-tau = Area under the time concentration curve over a dosing interval; Ctau = Concentration at the end of a dosing interval.
    128 (50.7%)17.2 (39.3%)4.90 (89.7%)

    13.1 Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment Of Fertility



    Two-year carcinogenicity studies were conducted in mice and rats administered oral doses up to 150 and 100 mg/kg/day, respectively. Maribavir was not carcinogenic in rats at any dose tested, corresponding to maribavir exposures less than human exposure at the RHD. At 150 mg/kg/day in male mice only, an increased incidence of hemangioma, hemangiosarcoma, and combined hemangioma/hemangiosarcoma was observed across multiple tissues, at exposures less than the human exposure at the RHD. There were no carcinogenic findings in male mice at ≤75 mg/kg/day and female mice at any dose.


    14.1 Treatment Of Adults With Post-Transplant Cmv Infection/Disease That Is Refractory (With Or Without Genotypic Resistance) To Ganciclovir, Valganciclovir, Cidofovir, Or Foscarnet



    LIVTENCITY was evaluated in a Phase 3, multicenter, randomized, open-label, active-controlled superiority trial (NCT02931539, Trial 303) to assess the efficacy and safety of LIVTENCITY compared to Investigator-Assigned Treatment (IAT) (ganciclovir, valganciclovir, foscarnet, or cidofovir) in 352 HSCT or SOT recipients with CMV infections that were refractory to treatment with ganciclovir, valganciclovir, foscarnet, or cidofovir, including CMV infections with or without confirmed resistance to 1 or more of the IATs. Subjects with CMV disease involving the central nervous system, including the retina, were excluded from the study.

    Subjects were stratified by transplant type (HSCT or SOT) and screening CMV DNA levels and then randomized in a 2:1 allocation ratio to receive either LIVTENCITY 400 mg twice daily or IAT as dosed by the investigator for up to 8 weeks. After completion of the treatment period, subjects entered a 12-week follow-up phase.

    The mean age of trial subjects was 53 years and most subjects were male (61%), white (76%) and not Hispanic or Latino (83%), with similar distributions across the two treatment arms. The most common treatment used in the IAT arm was foscarnet which was administered in 47 (41%) subjects followed by ganciclovir or valganciclovir, each administered in 28 (24%) subjects. Cidofovir was administered in 6 subjects, the combination of foscarnet and valganciclovir in 4 subjects and the combination of foscarnet and ganciclovir in 3 subjects. Baseline disease characteristics are summarized in Table 8 below.

    Table 8: Summary of Baseline Disease Characteristics in Trial 303
    CharacteristicLIVTENCITY
    400 mg Twice Daily
    IAT
    N=235
    n (%)
    N=117
    n (%)
    CMV=cytomegalovirus, DNA=deoxyribonucleic acid, HSCT=hematopoietic stem cell transplant, IAT=investigator assigned anti-CMV treatment, N=number of patients, SOT=solid organ transplant
    Transplant type
      HSCT93 (40)48 (41)
      SOT142 (60)69 (59)
        Kidney74 (52)32 (46)
        Lung40 (28)22 (32)
        Heart14 (10)9 (13)
        Other (multiple, liver, pancreas, intestine)14 (10)6 (9)
    CMV DNA levels
      Low (<9,100 IU/mL)153 (65)85 (73)
      Intermediate (≥9,100 to <91,000 IU/mL)68 (29)25 (21)
      High (≥91,000 IU/mL)14 (6)7 (6)
    Confirmed symptomatic CMV infection at baseline
      No214 (91)109 (93)
      Yes

    one of the subjects had both CMV syndrome and disease but was counted for CMV disease only

    21 (9)8 (7)
        CMV syndrome (SOT only)9 (43)7 (88)
        Tissue Invasive disease12 (57)1 (13)

    16 How Supplied/Storage And Handling



    Tablet: 200 mg, blue, oval shaped convex tablet debossed with "SHP" on one side and "620" on the other side. They are supplied as follows:

    Bottles of 28 tablets with child-resistant caps (NDC 64764-800-28)

    Bottles of 56 tablets with child-resistant caps (NDC 64764-800-56)


    Storage And Handling



    Storage and Handling

    Store at 20°C to 25°C (68°F to 77°F), brief exposure to 15°C to 30°C (59°F to 86°F) permitted [see USP Controlled Room Temperature].


    17 Patient Counseling Information



    Advise the patient to read the FDA-approved patient labeling (Patient Information).

    Inform patients that LIVTENCITY may interact with other drugs. Advise patients to report to their healthcare provider the use of any other medication [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1 and 5.3), Drug Interactions (7)].


    Spl Patient Package Insert



    Patient Information
    LIVTENCITY (liv-TEN-city)
    (maribavir)
    tablets
    This Patient Information has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.Issued: 11/2021              
    What is LIVTENCITY?
    LIVTENCITY is a prescription medicine used to treat cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection and disease in adults and children 12 years of age and older weighing at least 77 pounds (35 kg) who have received a transplant, when their infection or disease does not respond to treatment with the medicines ganciclovir, valganciclovir, cidofovir or foscarnet.
    It is not known if LIVTENCITY is safe and effective in children under 12 years of age.
    Before taking LIVTENCITY, tell your healthcare provider about all your medical conditions, including if you:
    • are pregnant or plan to become pregnant. It is not known if LIVTENCITY will harm your unborn baby.
    • are breastfeeding or plan to breastfeed. It is not known if LIVTENCITY passes into your breast milk. Talk to your healthcare provider about the best way to feed your baby during treatment with LIVTENCITY.
    Tell your healthcare provider about all of the medicines you take, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins and herbal supplements. LIVTENCITY may affect the way other medicines work, and other medicines may affect how LIVTENCITY works and cause serious side effects.
    Especially tell your healthcare provider if you take a seizure (anticonvulsant) medicine.
    • You can ask your healthcare provider or pharmacist for a list of medicines that interact with LIVTENCITY.
    • Do not start a new medicine without telling your healthcare provider. Your healthcare provider will tell you if it is safe to take LIVTENCITY with other medicines.
    • Know the medicines you take. Keep a list of your medicines and show it to your healthcare provider and pharmacist when you get a new medicine.
    How should I take LIVTENCITY?
    • Take LIVTENCITY exactly as your healthcare provider tells you to take it.
    • Take LIVTENCITY 2 times a day.
    • Take LIVTENCITY with or without food.
    • If you take too much LIVTENCITY, call your healthcare provider or go to the nearest hospital emergency room right away.
    What are the possible side effects of LIVTENCITY?
    The most common side effects of LIVTENCITY include:
    • changes in taste
    • nausea
    • diarrhea
    • vomiting
    • tiredness
    These are not all the possible side effects of LIVTENCITY.
    Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.
    How should I store LIVTENCITY?
    • Store LIVTENCITY at room temperature between 68°F to 77°F (20°C to 25°C).
    Keep LIVTENCITY and all medicines out of the reach of children.
    General information about the safe and effective use of LIVTENCITY.
    Medicines are sometimes prescribed for purposes other than those listed in the Patient Information leaflet. Do not use LIVTENCITY for a condition for which it was not prescribed. Do not give LIVTENCITY to other people, even if they have the same symptoms that you have. It may harm them. You can ask your pharmacist or healthcare provider for information about LIVTENCITY that is written for health professionals.
    What are the ingredients in LIVTENCITY?
    Active ingredient: maribavir
    Inactive ingredients: FD&C Blue #1, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol, sodium starch glycolate, titanium dioxide, and talc.
    Distributed by: Takeda Pharmaceuticals America, Inc. Lexington, MA 02421
    LIVTENCITY™ and the LIVTENCITY™ logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of Takeda Pharmaceuticals International AG. TAKEDA® and the TAKEDA Logo® are registered trademarks of Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited. © 2021 Takeda Pharmaceuticals U.S.A., Inc. All rights reserved.
    For more information, go to www.LIVTENCITY.com or call 1-877-TAKEDA-7 (1-877-825-3327)

    Principal Display Panel - 200 Mg Bottle Carton



    NDC 64764-800-28

    LIVTENCITY
    (maribavir) tablets
    200 mg

    Rx Only
    28 Tablets

    For Oral Use

    Takeda


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