Instruct patients to take folic acid 1 to 1.25 mg orally once daily beginning 10 days before the first dose of Pralatrexate injection. Continue folic acid during treatment with Pralatrexate injection and for 30 days after the last dose [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1, 5.2)].
Monitor complete blood cell counts and severity of mucositis at baseline and weekly. Perform serum chemistry tests, including renal and hepatic function, prior to the start of the first and fourth dose of each cycle.
- Mucositis Grade 1 or less.
- Platelet of 100,000/mcL or greater for first dose and 50,000/mcL or greater for all subsequent doses.
- Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) of 1,000/mcL or greater.
Dosage modifications for adverse reactions are provided in Tables 1, 2, and 3.
Table 1 Pralatrexate Injection Dosage Modifications for Mucositis
|
| Mucositis Gradea
on Day of Treatment | Action | Recommended Dose upon Recovery to Grade 0 or 1 |
| Patients
Without
Severe Renal Impairment | Patients with Severe Renal Impairment |
| Grade 2
| Omit dose
| Continue prior dose
| Continue prior dose
|
| Grade 2 recurrence
| Omit dose
| 20 mg/m2 | 10 mg/m2 |
| Grade 3
| Omit dose
| 20 mg/m2 | 10 mg/m2 |
| Grade 4
| Stop therapy
| | |
Table 2 Pralatrexate Injection Dosage Modifications for Myelosuppression
|
| Blood Count on Day of Treatment | Duration of Toxicity | Action | Recommended Dose Upon Recovery |
| Patients
Without
Severe Renal Impairment | Patients with Severe Renal Impairment |
| Platelet less than 50,000/mcL
| 1 week
| Omit dose
| Continue prior dose
| Continue prior dose
|
| 2 weeks
| Omit dose
| 20 mg/m2 | 10 mg/m2 |
| 3 weeks
| Stop therapy
| | |
| ANC 500 to 1,000/mcL and no fever
| 1 week
| Omit dose
| Continue prior dose
| Continue prior dose
|
| ANC 500 to 1,000/mcL with fever or ANC less than 500/mcL
| 1 week
| Omit dose, give G-CSF or GM-CSF
| Continue prior dose with G-CSF or GM-CSF
| Continue prior dose with G-CSF or GM-CSF
|
| 2 weeks or recurrence
| Omit dose, give G-CSF or GM-CSF
| 20 mg/m2 with G-CSF or GM-CSF
| 10 mg/m2 with G-CSF or GM-CSF
|
3 weeks or 2nd recurrence
| Stop therapy
| | |
Table 3 Pralatrexate Injection Dosage Modifications for All Other Adverse Reactions
|
| Toxicity Gradea
on Day of Treatment | Action | Recommended Dose upon Recovery to Grade 2 or Lower |
| Patients
Without
Severe Renal Impairment | Patients with Severe Renal Impairment |
| Grade 3
| Omit dose
| 20 mg/m2 | 10 mg/m2 |
| Grade 4
| Stop therapy
| | |
Peripheral T-cell Lymphoma
The safety of Pralatrexate injection was evaluated in Study PDX-008 [see Clinical Studies (14)]. Patients received Pralatrexate injection 30 mg/m2 once weekly for 6 weeks in 7-week cycles. The median duration of treatment was 70 days (range: 1 day to 1.5 years). The majority of patients (69%, n = 77) remained at the target dose for the duration of treatment. Overall, 85% of scheduled doses were administered.
Forty-four percent of patients (n = 49) experienced a serious adverse event while on study or within 30 days after their last dose of Pralatrexate injection. The most common serious adverse events (> 3%), regardless of causality, were pyrexia, mucositis, sepsis, febrile neutropenia, dehydration, dyspnea, and thrombocytopenia. One death from cardiopulmonary arrest in a patient with mucositis and febrile neutropenia was reported in this trial. Across clinical trials, deaths from mucositis, febrile neutropenia, sepsis, and pancytopenia occurred in 1.2% of patients who received doses ranging from 30 mg/m2 to 325 mg/m2.
Twenty-three percent of patients (n = 25) discontinued treatment with Pralatrexate injection due to adverse reactions. The most frequent adverse reactions reported as the reason for discontinuation of treatment were mucositis (6%) and thrombocytopenia (5%).
The most common adverse reactions (> 35%) were mucositis, thrombocytopenia, nausea, and fatigue.
Table 4 summarizes the adverse reactions in Study PDX-008.
Table 4 Adverse Reactions in (≥ 10%) in Patients Who Received Pralatrexate Injection in Study PDX-008
|
|
|
| Pralatrexate Injection N=111 |
| All Grades (%) | Grade 3 (%) | Grade 4 (%) |
| Any Adverse Reaction
| 100
| 43
| 31
|
| Mucositisa | 70
| 17
| 4
|
| Thrombocytopeniab | 41
| 14
| 19b |
| Nausea
| 40
| 4
| 0
|
| Fatigue
| 36
| 5
| 2
|
| Anemia
| 34
| 15
| 2
|
| Constipation
| 33
| 0
| 0
|
| Pyrexia
| 32
| 1
| 1
|
| Edema
| 30
| 1
| 0
|
| Cough
| 28
| 1
| 0
|
| Epistaxis
| 26
| 0
| 0
|
| Vomiting
| 25
| 2
| 0
|
| Neutropenia
| 24
| 13
| 7
|
| Diarrhea
| 21
| 2
| 0
|
| Dyspnea
| 19
| 7
| 0
|
| Anorexia
| 15
| 3
| 0
|
| Hypokalemia
| 15
| 4
| 1
|
| Rash
| 15
| 0
| 0
|
| Pruritus
| 14
| 2
| 0
|
| Pharyngolaryngeal pain
| 14
| 1
| 0
|
Liver function test abnormalc | 13
| 5
| 0
|
| Abdominal pain
| 12
| 4
| 0
|
| Pain in extremity
| 12
| 0
| 0
|
| Back pain
| 11
| 3
| 0
|
| Leukopenia
| 11
| 3
| 4
|
| Night sweats
| 11
| 0
| 0
|
| Asthenia
| 10
| 1
| 0
|
Upper respiratory tract infection
| 10
| 1
| 0
|
| Tachycardia
| 10
| 0
| 0
|
Risk Summary
Based on findings from animal studies and its mechanism of action [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.1)], Pralatrexate injection can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman. There are insufficient data on Pralatrexate injection use in pregnant women to evaluate for a drug- associated risk. Pralatrexate injection was embryotoxic and fetotoxic in rats and rabbits when administered during organogenesis at doses about 1.2% (0.012 times) of the clinical dose on a mg/m2 basis. Advise pregnant women of the potential risk to a fetus.
The estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population(s) is unknown. All pregnancies have a background risk of birth defect, loss, or other adverse outcomes. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2-4% and 15-20%, respectively.
Data
Animal Data
Pralatrexate was embryotoxic and fetotoxic in rats at intravenous doses of 0.06 mg/kg/day (0.36 mg/m2/day or about 1.2% of the clinical dose on a mg/m2 basis) given on gestation days 7 through 20. Treatment with pralatrexate caused a dose-dependent decrease in fetal viability manifested as an increase in late, early, and total resorptions. There was also a dosedependent increase in post-implantation loss. In rabbits, intravenous doses of 0.03 mg/kg/day (0.36 mg/m2/day) or greater given on gestation days 8 through 21 also caused abortion and fetal lethality. This toxicity manifested as early and total resorptions, post-implantation loss, and a decrease in the total number of live fetuses.
Risk Summary
There is no data on the presence of pralatrexate in human milk or its effects on the breastfed child or milk production. Because of the potential for serious adverse reactions in a breastfed child, advise women not to breastfeed during treatment with Pralatrexate injection and for 1 week after the last dose.
Pregnancy Testing
Verify pregnancy status in females of reproductive potential prior to initiation of Pralatrexate injection.
Contraception
Females
Advise females of reproductive potential to use effective contraception during treatment with Pralatrexate injection and for 6 months following the last dose.
Males
Advise males with female partners of reproductive potential to use effective contraception during treatment with Pralatrexate injection and for 3 months following the last dose.
Distribution
Steady-state volume of distribution of pralatrexate S- and R-diastereomers is 105 L and 37 L, respectively. Protein binding of pralatrexate is approximately 67% in vitro.
Elimination
The total systemic clearance of pralatrexate diastereomers was 417 mL/min (S-diastereomer) and 191 mL/min (R-diastereomer). The terminal elimination half-life of pralatrexate was 12-18 hours (coefficient of variance [CV] = 62-120%).
Metabolism
Pralatrexate is not significantly metabolized by CYP450 isozymes or glucuronidases in vitro.
Excretion
Following a single dose of Pralatrexate injection 30 mg/m2, approximately 34% of the pralatrexate dose was excreted unchanged into urine. Following a radiolabeled pralatrexate dose, 39% (CV = 28%) of the dose was recovered in urine as unchanged pralatrexate and 34% (CV = 88%) in feces as unchanged pralatrexate and/or any metabolites. 10% (CV = 95%) of the dose was exhaled over 24 hours.
Specific Populations
No clinically meaningful effect on the pharmacokinetics of pralatrexate was observed based on sex.
The effect of hepatic impairment on the pharmacokinetics of pralatrexate has not been studied.
Patients with Renal Impairment
Following administration of a single dose of Pralatrexate injection, mean exposures of the pralatrexate S-diastereomer and R-diastereomer were comparable in patients with mild to moderate (eGFR 30 to 59 mL/min/1.73 m2 based on MDRD) renal impairment as compared with severe (eGFR 15 to 29 mL/min/1.73 m2) renal impairment. The mean fraction of the administered dose excreted as unchanged diastereomers in urine (fe) decreased with declining renal function [see Use in Specific Populations (8.6)].
Drug Interaction Studies
Clinical Studies
Coadministration of probenecid (an inhibitor of multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 [MRP2] in vitro) resulted in delayed clearance of pralatrexate.
In Vitro Studies
Cytochrome P450 (CYP) Enzymes: Pralatrexate does not induce or inhibit CYP enzymes.
Transporter Systems: Pralatrexate is a substrate for BCRP, MRP2, MRP3, and OATP1B3, but is not a substrate of P-gp, OATP1B1, OCT2, OAT1, or OAT3.
Pralatrexate inhibits MRP2 and MRP3, but does not inhibit P-gp, BCRP, OCT2, OAT1, OAT3, OATP1B1, or OATP1B3. MRP3 is a transporter that may affect the transport of etoposide and teniposide.
Carcinogenesis
Carcinogenicity studies have not been performed with pralatrexate.
Mutagenesis
Pralatrexate did not cause mutations in the Ames test or the Chinese hamster ovary cell chromosome aberration assay. Nevertheless, these tests do not reliably predict genotoxicity for this class of compounds. Pralatrexate did not cause mutations in the mouse micronucleus assay.
Impairment of Fertility
No fertility studies have been performed.
Folic Acid and Vitamin B12
Supplementation
Advise patients treated with Pralatrexate injection to take folic acid and vitamin B12 to reduce the risk of possible side effects [see Dosage and Administration (2.1)].
Myelosuppression
Inform patients of the risk of myelosuppression and to immediately contact their healthcare provider should any signs of infection develop, including fever. Inform patients to contact their healthcare provider if bleeding or symptoms of anemia occur [see Warnings and Precautions
(5.1)].
Mucositis
Inform patients of the signs and symptoms of mucositis. Instruct patients on ways to reduce the risk of its development, and on ways to maintain nutrition and control discomfort from mucositis if it occurs [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)].
Dermatologic Reactions
Advise patients about the risks for and the signs and symptoms of dermatologic reactions. Instruct patients to immediately notify their healthcare provider if any skin reactions occur [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3)].
Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Inform patients about the risk of and the signs and symptoms of tumor lysis syndrome. Patients should be instructed to notify their healthcare provider if they experience these symptoms [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4)].
Concomitant Medications
Patients should be instructed to inform their healthcare provider if they are taking any concomitant medications including prescription drugs (such as trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and probenecid) and nonprescription drugs (such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) [see Drug Interactions (7.1)].
Embryo-Fetal Toxicity
Advise pregnant women and females of reproductive potential of the potential risk to a fetus. Advise females or reproductive potential to inform their healthcare provider of a known or suspected pregnancy [see Warnings and Precautions (5.7) and Use in Specific Populations (8.1)].
Advise females patients of reproductive potential to use effective contraception during treatment with Pralatrexate injection and for 6 months after the final dose [see Use in Specific Populations (8.3)].
Advise males with female partners of reproductive potential to use effective contraception during treatment with Pralatrexate injection and for at least 3 months after the final dose [see Use in Specific Populations (8.3)]
Lactation
Advise females women not to breastfeed during treatment with Pralatrexate injection and for 1 week after the final dose [see Use in Specific Populations (8.2)].
Manufactured for:
Fresenius Kabi Logo (Pra09 0000 02)
Lake Zurich, IL 60047
www.fresenius-kabi.com/us
Made in Germany
451756