Do not freeze.
- Administer diluted solution intravenously via an infusion pump using an in-line aseptic filter (0.2 or 0.22 micron).
- First Infusion: Infuse over at least 60 minutes.
- Subsequent infusions: If no infusion-related reactions occurred during the first infusion, subsequent infusions may be administered over 30 minutes [see Dose Modifications (2.2)].
- Do not co-administer other drugs through the same intravenous line.
- When administered on the same day as chemotherapy, LOQTORZI should be administered prior to chemotherapy.
- Refer to the Prescribing Information for cisplatin and gemcitabine for recommended dosing information.
Immune-Mediated Pneumonitis
LOQTORZI in Combination with Cisplatin and Gemcitabine
LOQTORZI in combination with cisplatin and gemcitabine can cause immune-mediated pneumonitis. In patients treated with other PD-1/PD-L1 blocking antibodies, the incidence of pneumonitis is higher in patients who have received prior thoracic radiation. Immune-mediated pneumonitis occurred in 2.1% (3/146) of patients receiving LOQTORZI, including Grade 2 (1.4%) adverse reactions. Pneumonitis resolved in 67% (2/3) of these patients.
LOQTORZI as a Single-Agent
LOQTORZI can cause immune-mediated pneumonitis. In patients treated with other PD-1/PD-L1 blocking antibodies, the incidence of pneumonitis is higher in patients who have received prior thoracic radiation. Immune-mediated pneumonitis occurred in 2.6% (22/851) of patients receiving LOQTORZI, including fatal (0.2%), Grade 3 (0.7%), and Grade 2 (1.1%) adverse reactions. Systemic corticosteroids were required in 82% (18/22) of patients with pneumonitis. Pneumonitis led to permanent discontinuation of LOQTORZI in 1.2% (10/851) of patients. Pneumonitis resolved in 23% (5/22) of these patients.
Immune-Mediated Colitis
LOQTORZI can cause immune-mediated colitis, which may present with diarrhea. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection/reactivation has been reported in patients with corticosteroid-refractory immune-mediated colitis. In cases of corticosteroid-refractory colitis, consider repeating infectious workup to exclude alternative etiologies.
LOQTORZI as a Single-Agent
Immune-mediated colitis occurred in 0.4% (3/851) of patients receiving LOQTORZI, including Grade 3 (0.2%) and Grade 2 (0.1%) adverse reactions. Colitis resolved in all 3 patients.
Hepatotoxicity and Immune-Mediated Hepatitis
LOQTORZI in Combination with Cisplatin and Gemcitabine
LOQTORZI in combination with cisplatin and gemcitabine can cause immune-mediated hepatitis. Immune-mediated hepatitis occurred in 0.7% (1/146) of patients receiving LOQTORZI in combination with cisplatin and gemcitabine, which was a Grade 3 (0.7%) adverse reaction. The patient with immune-mediated hepatitis required systemic corticosteroids.
LOQTORZI as a Single-Agent
LOQTORZI can cause immune-mediated hepatitis. Immune-mediated hepatitis occurred in 3.3% (28/851) of patients receiving LOQTORZI, including Grade 4 (0.8%), Grade 3 (2.1%), and Grade 2 (0.4%) adverse reactions. Hepatitis led to permanent discontinuation of LOQTORZI in 1.1% of patients and withholding of LOQTORZI in 0.8% of patients. Hepatitis resolved in 54% (15/28) of these patients.
Immune-Mediated Endocrinopathies
Adrenal Insufficiency
LOQTORZI can cause primary or secondary adrenal insufficiency. For Grade 2 or higher adrenal insufficiency, initiate symptomatic treatment, including hormone replacement as clinically indicated. Withhold or permanently discontinue LOQTORZI depending on severity [see Dosage and Administration (2.2)].
LOQTORZI as a Single-Agent
Adrenal insufficiency occurred in 0.5% (4/851) of the patients receiving LOQTORZI, including Grade 2 (0.4%) and Grade 1 (0.1%) adverse reactions. Systemic corticosteroids were required in 75% (3/4) of the patients with adrenal insufficiency. Adrenal insufficiency led to withholding of LOQTORZI in 0.1% (1/851) of patients. In the one patient in whom LOQTORZI was withheld, LOQTORZI was reinitiated after symptom improvement.
Hypophysitis
LOQTORZI can cause immune-mediated hypophysitis. Hypophysitis can present with acute symptoms associated with mass effects such as headache, photophobia, or visual field defects. Hypophysitis can cause hypopituitarism. Initiate hormone replacement as indicated. Withhold or permanently discontinue LOQTORZI depending on severity [see Dosage and Administration (2.2)].
LOQTORZI as a Single-Agent
Hypophysitis occurred in 0.4% (3/851) of patients receiving LOQTORZI, including Grade 3 (0.2%) and Grade 2 (0.1%) adverse reactions. All three patients received systemic corticosteroids. Hypophysitis led to permanent discontinuation of LOQTORZI in 0.1% (1/851) of patients and withholding of LOQTORZI in 0.1% (1/851) of patients. The one patient in whom LOQTORZI was withheld reinitiated LOQTORZI.
Thyroid Disorders
LOQTORZI can cause immune-mediated thyroid disorders. Thyroiditis can present with or without endocrinopathy. Hypothyroidism can follow hyperthyroidism. Initiate hormone replacement for hypothyroidism or institute medical management of hyperthyroidism as clinically indicated. Withhold or permanently discontinue LOQTORZI depending on severity [see Dosage and Administration (2.2)].
LOQTORZI in Combination with Cisplatin and Gemcitabine
Thyroiditis occurred in 2.1% (3/146) of patients receiving LOQTORZI in combination with cisplatin and gemcitabine, including Grade 2 (1.4%). Three patients required thyroid hormone replacement therapy. Thyroiditis resolved in one of the 3 patients.
Hyperthyroidism occurred in 1.4% (2/146) of patients receiving LOQTORZI in combination with cisplatin and gemcitabine. Hyperthyroidism resolved in these 2 patients.
Hypothyroidism occurred in 30% (44/146) of patients receiving LOQTORZI in combination with cisplatin and gemcitabine, including Grade 2 (24%) and Grade 1 (6%). Eighty percent of the 44 patients required thyroid hormone replacement therapy. LOQTORZI was withheld in 2.1% (3/146) of the patients. Of the 3 patients in whom LOQTORZI was withheld, 2 patients reinitiated LOQTORZI.
LOQTORZI as a Single-Agent
Thyroiditis occurred in 0.6% (5/851) of patients receiving LOQTORZI, including Grade 2 (0.1%). Two of these 5 patients received systemic corticosteroids and 2 required thyroid hormone replacement therapy. Thyroiditis resolved in 2 of the 5 patients.
Hyperthyroidism occurred in 7% (55/851) of patients receiving LOQTORZI, including Grade 2 (1.9%). Hyperthyroidism resolved in 85% (47/55) of the patients.
Hypothyroidism occurred in 15% (128/851) of patients receiving LOQTORZI, including Grade 2 (8%). Sixty three percent of the 128 patients required thyroid hormone replacement therapy. LOQTORZI was withheld in 0.5% of patients. Of the 4 patients in whom LOQTORZI was withheld, 3 patients reinitiated LOQTORZI.
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus, which can present with Diabetic Ketoacidosis
Monitor patients for hyperglycemia or other signs and symptoms of diabetes. Initiate treatment with insulin as clinically indicated. Withhold or permanently discontinue LOQTORZI depending on severity [see Dosage and Administration (2.2)].
LOQTORZI as a Single-Agent
Diabetes mellitus occurred in 0.9% (8/851) of patients receiving LOQTORZI, including Grade 4 (0.1%), Grade 3 (0.7%), and Grade 2 (0.1%). Diabetes mellitus led to permanent discontinuation in 0.4% of patients. Six of the 8 (75%) patients with diabetes mellitus required long-term insulin therapy.
Immune-Mediated Nephritis with Renal Dysfunction
LOQTORZI in Combination with Cisplatin and Gemcitabine
LOQTORZI in combination with cisplatin and gemcitabine can cause immune-mediated nephritis. Immune-mediated nephritis occurred in 0.7% (1/146) of patients receiving LOQTORZI. The one patient with immune-mediated nephritis (Grade 4) required systemic corticosteroids and nephritis led to discontinuation of LOQTORZI. Nephritis resolved in this patient.
LOQTORZI as a Single-Agent
LOQTORZI can cause immune-mediated nephritis. Immune-mediated nephritis occurred in 0.5% (4/851) of patients receiving LOQTORZI, including Grade 3 (0.5%) adverse reactions. Nephritis resolved in 75% (3/4) of these patients.
Immune-Mediated Dermatologic Adverse Reactions
LOQTORZI can cause immune-mediated rash or dermatitis. Exfoliative dermatitis, including Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS), drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS), and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), has occurred with PD-1/PD-L1 blocking antibodies. Topical emollients and/or topical corticosteroids may be adequate to treat mild to moderate non-exfoliative rashes. Withhold or permanently discontinue LOQTORZI depending on severity [see Dosage and Administration (2.2)].
LOQTORZI in Combination with Cisplatin and Gemcitabine
Immune-mediated dermatologic adverse reactions occurred in 8% (12/146) of patients receiving LOQTORZI, including Grade 3 (3.4%) and Grade 2 (1.4%) adverse reactions. Systemic corticosteroids were required in 25% (3/12) of the patients with immune-mediated dermatologic adverse reactions. Immune-mediated dermatologic adverse reactions led to permanent discontinuation of LOQTORZI in 2.1% (3) of patients. Immune-mediated dermatologic adverse reactions resolved in 92% (11/12) of these patients.
LOQTORZI as a Single-Agent
Immune-mediated dermatologic adverse reactions occurred in 4% (34/851) of patients receiving LOQTORZI, including Grade 3 (0.4%) and Grade 2 (1.4%) adverse reactions. Immune-mediated dermatologic adverse reactions led to withholding of LOQTORZI in 0.4% (3) of the patients. Systemic corticosteroids were required in 12% (4/34) of the patients with immune-mediated dermatologic adverse reactions. Immune-mediated dermatologic adverse reactions resolved in 71% (24/34) of these patients.
Other Immune-Mediated Adverse Reactions
The following clinically significant immune-mediated adverse reactions occurred at an incidence of <1% (unless otherwise noted) in patients who received LOQTORZI or were reported with the use of other PD1/PD-L1 blocking antibodies. Severe or fatal cases have been reported for some of these adverse reactions.
Cardiac/Vascular: Myocarditis, pericarditis, vasculitis, pericardial effusion
Nervous System: Meningitis, encephalitis, myelitis and demyelination, myasthenic syndrome/myasthenia gravis (including exacerbation), Guillain-Barré syndrome, nerve paresis, autoimmune neuropathy
Ocular: Uveitis, iritis and other ocular inflammatory toxicities can occur. Some cases can be associated with retinal detachment. Various grades of visual impairment, including blindness, can occur. If uveitis occurs in combination with other immune-mediated adverse reactions, consider a Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada-like syndrome, as this may require treatment with systemic steroids to reduce the risk of permanent vision loss.
Gastrointestinal: Pancreatitis, to include increases in serum amylase and lipase levels, gastritis, duodenitis
Musculoskeletal and Connective Tissue: Myositis/polymyositis, rhabdomyolysis (and associated sequelae, including renal failure), arthritis, polymyalgia rheumatica, dermatomyositis
Endocrine: Hypoparathyroidism
Hematologic/Immune: Hemolytic anemia, aplastic anemia, hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, systemic inflammatory response syndrome, histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis (Kikuchi lymphadenitis), sarcoidosis, immune thrombocytopenic purpura, solid organ transplant rejection
LOQTORZI in Combination with Cisplatin and Gemcitabine
Infusion-related reactions have been reported in 4.1% of patients receiving LOQTORZI in combination with cisplatin and gemcitabine, including Grade 2 (0.7%) reactions.
LOQTORZI as a Single-Agent
Infusion-related reactions occurred in 2% of 851 patients receiving LOQTORZI as single agent, including Grade 3 (0.1%) and Grade 2 (0.6%). LOQTORZI was withheld for one Grade 3 infusion related reaction.
Monitor patients for signs and symptoms of infusion-related reactions including rigors, chills, wheezing, pruritus, flushing, rash, hypotension, hypoxemia, and fever. Interrupt or slow the rate of infusion for mild (Grade 1) or moderate (Grade 2) infusion-related reactions. For severe (Grade 3) or life-threatening (Grade 4) infusion-related reactions, stop infusion and permanently discontinue LOQTORZI [see Dosage and Administration (2.2)].
First-line Treatment of Metastatic or Recurrent, Locally Advanced Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma (NPC)
The safety of LOQTORZI in combination with cisplatin and gemcitabine was evaluated in JUPITER-02 [see Clinical Studies (14)]. Key eligibility criteria were recurrent locally advanced or metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) not previously treated with systemic chemotherapy for recurrent or metastatic disease. Patients with recurrent NPC after treatment with curative intent were required to have an interval of at least 6 months between the last dose of radiotherapy or chemotherapy and recurrence. Patients received LOQTORZI 240 mg (n=146) or placebo intravenously (IV) every 3 weeks (n=143), in combination with cisplatin 80 mg/m2 IV every 3 weeks and gemcitabine 1000 mg/m2 IV days 1 and 8 for up to 6 cycles followed by LOQTORZI 240 mg or placebo IV every 3 weeks until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or completion of 2 years of treatment. Among patients who received LOQTORZI, 73% were exposed for 6 months or longer and 54% were exposed for greater than one year.
The median age of patients who received LOQTORZI was 48 years (range: 19 to 72), 83% male, 100% Asian, 60% had recurrent disease, and 40% presented with metastatic disease. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) Performance Status (PS) was 0 (57%) or 1 (43%). Approximately 59% of patients had received at least one prior systemic therapy for locally advanced disease and 60% had received prior radiation therapy.
Serious adverse reactions occurred in 43% of patients receiving LOQTORZI in combination with cisplatin and gemcitabine. Serious adverse drug reactions in ≥ 2% were thrombocytopenia (14%), neutrophil count decreased (10%), pneumonia (10%), anemia (9%), abnormal hepatic function (2.7%), and rash (2.1%). Of the patients who received LOQTORZI in combination with cisplatin and gemcitabine, there were three fatal adverse reactions (2.1%) one due to epistaxis; one due to intracranial hemorrhage associated with immune-related thrombocytopenia and coagulopathy; and one due to pneumonia.
Permanent discontinuation of LOQTORZI, when given in combination with cisplatin and gemcitabine, due to an adverse reaction occurred in 12% of patients. Adverse reactions resulting in permanent discontinuation of LOQTORZI in ≥1% were pneumonia (2.1%), pulmonary tuberculosis (1.4%), rash (1.4%), and vomiting (1.4%).
Dosage interruptions of LOQTORZI due to an adverse reaction occurred in 50% of patients. Adverse reactions which required dosage interruption in ≥2% were anemia (17%), decreased neutrophils (12%), thrombocytopenia (12%), acute kidney injury (4.1%), pneumonia (6%), fatigue (2.7%), upper respiratory infection (2.7%), and hypothyroidism (2.1%).
Table 3 summarizes the adverse reactions in JUPITER-02.
Table 3: Adverse Reactions (≥ 10%) in Patients with Recurrent, Locally Advanced or Metastatic NPC Who Received LOQTORZI in Combination with Cisplatin and Gemcitabine in JUPITER-02| Adverse Reaction NCI CTCAE v5.0. | LOQTORZI Cisplatin/Gemcitabine N = 146 | Placebo Cisplatin/Gemcitabine N = 143 |
|---|
All Grades (%) | Grade 3 or 4 (%) | All Grades (%) | Grade 3 or 4 (%) |
|---|
| Gastrointestinal Disorders |
| Nausea | 71 | 1.4 | 84 | 2.8 |
| Vomiting | 68 | 2.1 | 66 | 2.1 |
| Constipation | 39 | 0 | 46 | 0 |
| Diarrhea | 31 | 1.4 | 23 | 0 |
| Stomatitis Includes mouth ulceration, stomatitis, and radiation stomatitis. | 12 | 0 | 8 | 0.7 |
| Metabolism and Nutrition Disorders |
| Decreased appetite | 55 | 0.7 | 63 | 0 |
| Endocrine Disorders |
| Hypothyroidism Includes hypothyroidism, tri-iodothyronine decreased, tri-iodothyronine free decreased, and thyroiditis. | 38 | 0.7 | 17 | 0 |
| Skin Disorders |
| Rash Includes acneiform dermatitis, allergic dermatitis, catheter-site rash, dermatitis, drug eruption, eczema, erythema, macule, maculopapular rash, palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia syndrome, papule, pruritic rash, rash, and urticaria. | 36 | 3.4 | 28 | 2.8 |
| Pruritus | 17 | 0 | 8 | 0 |
| General Disorders |
| Pyrexia | 32 | 1.4 | 24 | 0.7 |
| Malaise | 21 | 0.7 | 20 | 0 |
| Fatigue Includes asthenia and fatigue. | 19 | 0.7 | 22 | 2.1 |
| Nervous System Disorders | | | |
| Peripheral neuropathy Includes hypoesthesia, neuralgia, neuropathy peripheral, paresthesia, peripheral sensory neuropathy. | 30 | 0 | 31 | 0.7 |
| Dizziness | 21 | 0 | 22 | 0.7 |
| Headache | 18 | 0 | 23 | 0.7 |
| Respiratory, Thoracic and Mediastinal Disorders |
| Cough Includes cough and productive cough. | 26 | 0 | 27 | 0 |
| Musculoskeletal Disorders | | | |
| Musculoskeletal pain Includes back pain, bone pain, musculoskeletal chest pain, musculoskeletal pain, myalgia, neck pain, pain in extremity, pain in jaw. | 25 | 0 | 25 | 0.7 |
| Infections |
| Upper respiratory infection Includes acute sinusitis, bronchitis, laryngitis, nasopharyngitis, pharyngitis, respiratory tract infection, rhinitis, sinusitis, and upper respiratory tract infection. | 23 | 3.4 | 13 | 2.8 |
| Pneumonia Includes aspiration pneumonia and pneumonia | 18 | 11 | 7 | 3.5 |
| Psychiatric Disorders |
| Insomnia | 23 | 0 | 17 | 0 |
| Vascular Disorders |
| Epistaxis | 10 | 1.3 | 13 | 2.8 |
| Hypertension Includes blood pressure increased, blood pressure systolic increased, hypertension, and hypertensive crisis. | 10 | 6 | 6 | 4.2 |
Table 4 summarizes the laboratory abnormalities in JUPITER-02.
Table 4: Select Laboratory Abnormalities (≥20%) That Worsened from Baseline in Patients with Recurrent, Locally Advanced or Metastatic NPC Who Received LOQTORZI in Combination with Cisplatin and Gemcitabine in JUPITER-02| Laboratory Abnormalities Each test incidence is based on the number of patients who had both baseline and at least one on-study laboratory measurement available: LOQTORZI/chemotherapy (range: 139 to 146 patients) and placebo/chemotherapy (range: 136 to 143 patients). | LOQTORZI Cisplatin/Gemcitabine | Placebo Cisplatin/Gemcitabine |
|---|
| All Grades Graded per NCI CTCAE v5.0; AKP=alkaline phosphatase. ALT=alanine aminotransferase. AST=aspartate aminotransferase. (%) | Grade 3 or 4 (%) | All Grades (%) | Grades 3 or 4 (%) |
|---|
| Hematology | | | | |
| Decreased hemoglobin | 94 | 50 | 97 | 38 |
| Decreased neutrophils | 91 | 58 | 95 | 63 |
| Decreased lymphocytes | 88 | 57 | 88 | 49 |
| Decreased platelets | 71 | 33 | 66 | 31 |
| Chemistry | | | | |
| Decreased magnesium | 78 | 4.2 | 77 | 8 |
| Decreased sodium | 63 | 9 | 62 | 6 |
| Increased alanine aminotransferase | 58 | 6 | 50 | 3.5 |
| Increased aspartate aminotransferase | 58 | 2.7 | 53 | 4.9 |
| Decreased albumin | 49 | 0 | 48 | 0 |
| Decreased calcium | 45 | 3.5 | 46 | 4.2 |
| Increased lactate dehydrogenase | 42 | 0 | 35 | 0 |
| Increased calcium | 39 | 0 | 35 | 0.7 |
| Decreased potassium | 40 | 10 | 39 | 8 |
| Increased creatinine | 39 | 0.7 | 41 | 0 |
| Increased alkaline phosphatase | 27 | 0 | 27 | 0 |
| Decreased glucose | 23 | 1.4 | 16 | 0 |
Previously Treated, Unresectable or Metastatic Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma (NPC)
The safety of LOQTORZI was evaluated in POLARIS-02. Eligible patients had previously treated unresectable or metastatic NPC. Patients received LOQTORZI 3 mg/kg every 2 weeks as an intravenous infusion until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Among patients who received LOQTORZI, 33% were exposed for 6 months or longer and 21% were exposed for greater than one year.
The median age of patients who received LOQTORZI was 46 years (range: 22 to 71), 83% male, 100% Asian, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) Performance Status (PS) of 0 (35%) or 1 (65%) and median weight 59 kg (range: 32 to 101 kg).
Serious adverse reactions occurred in 24% of patients who received LOQTORZI. Serious adverse drug reactions in (≥2%) were pneumonia (4.7%), abnormal hepatic function (2.6%), and hyperbilirubinemia (2.1%). Fatal adverse reactions occurred in 3.7% of patients who received LOQTORZI, including death not otherwise specified (1.6%), tumor hemorrhage (0.5%), hepatic failure and thrombocytopenia (0.5%), hyponatremia (0.5%), and sudden death (0.5%).
Permanent discontinuation of LOQTORZI due to an adverse reaction occurred in 9% of patients. Adverse reaction resulting in permanent discontinuation of LOQTORZI in ≥1% included pneumonia (1.1%), abnormal hepatic function (1.1%), and hyperbilirubinemia (1.1%).
Dosage interruptions due to an adverse reaction occurred in 23% of patients. Adverse reactions which required dosage interruption in ≥1% were pneumonia (2.1%), thrombocytopenia (2.1%), fatigue (1.6%), hyperbilirubinemia (1.6%), anemia (1.1%), decreased appetite (1.1%), abnormal hepatic function (1.1%), hypothyroidism (1.1%), and pneumonitis (1.1%).
Table 5 summarizes the adverse reactions in POLARIS-02.
Table 5: Adverse Reactions (≥10%) in Patients with Previously Treated, Unresectable or Metastatic NPC Who Received LOQTORZI in POLARIS-02| Adverse Reaction Toxicity was graded per National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (NCI CTCAE) v4.03. | LOQTORZI N=190 |
|---|
| All Grades (%) | Grade 3 or 4 (%) |
|---|
| Endocrine Disorders |
| Hypothyroidism Includes hypothyroidism, thyroiditis, tri-iodothyronine decreased, and tri-iodothyronine free decreased | 27 | 0 |
| General Disorders |
| Fatigue Includes fatigue and asthenia | 22 | 2.6 |
| Pyrexia | 16 | 0 |
| Respiratory Disorders |
| Cough Includes cough and productive cough. | 20 | 0 |
| Musculoskeletal Disorders |
| Musculoskeletal Pain Includes musculoskeletal pain and myalgia. | 18 | 1.1 |
| Metabolism and Nutrition |
| Decreased Appetite | 13 | 1.1 |
| Gastrointestinal Disorders |
| Constipation | 11 | 0 |
| Skin and Subcutaneous Disorders |
| Pruritus | 11 | 0 |
| Rash Includes dermatitis allergic, eczema, and rash. | 11 | 0 |
| Investigations |
| Weight Decreased | 11 | 0 |
Table 6 summarizes the laboratory abnormalities in POLARIS-02.
Table 6: Select Laboratory Abnormalities (≥20%) That Worsened from Baseline in Patients with Previously Treated, Unresectable or Metastatic NPC Who Received LOQTORZI in POLARIS-02 | LOQTORZI |
|---|
| All Grades (%)Toxicity graded per NCI CTCAE v4.03. The denominator used to calculate the rate varied from 141 to 186 based on the number of patients with a baseline value and at least one post-treatment value. | Grade 3 or 4 (%) |
|---|
| Chemistry | | |
| Decreased albumin | 38 | 0.5 |
| Decreased sodium | 35 | 11 |
| Decreased phosphate | 32 | 3.2 |
| Increased aspartate aminotransferase | 30 | 3.8 |
| Decreased calcium | 29 | 0.5 |
| Increased alkaline phosphatase | 28 | 2.2 |
| Increased triglyceride | 26 | 1.1 |
| Increased glucose | 24 | 1.1 |
| Increased alanine aminotransferase | 23 | 1.6 |
| Hematology | | |
| Decreased lymphocytes | 52 | 9 |
| Decreased hemoglobin | 43 | 6 |
Risk Summary
Based on its mechanism of action, LOQTORZI can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.1)]. There are no available data on the use of LOQTORZI in pregnant women. Animal studies have demonstrated that inhibition of the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway can lead to increased risk of immune-mediated rejection of the developing fetus and result in fetal death (see Data). Human IgG4 immunoglobulins (IgG4) are known to cross the placenta; therefore, LOQTORZI can potentially be transmitted from the mother to the developing fetus. Advise women of the potential risk to a fetus.
In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2% to 4% and 15% to 20%, respectively.
Data
Animal Data
Animal reproduction studies have not been conducted with LOQTORZI to evaluate its effect on reproduction and fetal development. A central function of the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway is to preserve pregnancy by maintaining maternal immune tolerance to the fetus. In murine models of pregnancy, blockade of PD-L1 signaling has been shown to disrupt tolerance to the fetus and to result in an increase in fetal loss; therefore, potential risks of administering LOQTORZI during pregnancy could include increased rates of abortion or stillbirth. As reported in the literature, there were no malformations related to the blockade of PD-1/PD-L1 signaling in the offspring of these animals; however, immune-mediated disorders occurred in PD-1 and PD-L1 knockout mice. Based on its mechanism of action, fetal exposure to toripalimab-tpzi may increase the risk of developing immune-mediated disorders or altering the normal immune response.
Risk Summary
There are no data on the presence of toripalimab-tpzi in human milk or its effects on the breastfed child or on milk production. Maternal IgG is known to be present in human milk. The effects of local gastrointestinal exposure and limited systemic exposure in the breastfed child to toripalimab-tpzi are unknown. Because of the potential for serious adverse reactions in breastfed children, advise lactating women not to breastfeed during treatment with LOQTORZI and for 4 months after the last dose.
Pregnancy Testing
Verify the pregnancy status of females of reproductive potential prior to initiating LOQTORZI [see Use in Specific Populations (8.1)].
Contraception
Females
Advise females of reproductive potential to use effective contraception during treatment with LOQTORZI and for 4 months after the last dose.
Distribution
The mean volume of distribution at steady state (Vss) of toripalimab-tpzi was 3.7 L (27%).
Elimination
The mean clearance (CL) was 14.9 mL/h (31%) after the first dose and 9.5 mL/h (36%) at steady state. The mean terminal half-life (t1/2) (± standard deviation) was 10 ± 1.5 days after the first dose and 18 ± 9.4 days at steady state.
Metabolism
Toripalimab-tpzi is expected to be metabolized into small peptides by catabolic pathways.
Specific Populations
No clinically significant differences in the pharmacokinetics were observed based on age (21 to 85 years), body weight (32 to 164 kg), sex, race (White and Asian), concomitant chemotherapy, mild renal impairment (creatinine clearance [CLcr] 60 to 89 mL/min), mild hepatic impairment (total bilirubin > 1 to 1.5 times ULN with any AST or total bilirubin ≤ ULN with AST > ULN), tumor burden and primary cancer.
The effect of moderate (total bilirubin >1.5 to 3 times ULN and any AST) or severe (total bilirubin > 3 times ULN and any AST) hepatic impairment or of moderate (CLcr 30 to 59 mL/min) or severe (CLcr 15 to 29 mL/min) renal impairment on the pharmacokinetics of toripalimab-tpzi has not been studied.
Immune-Mediated Adverse Reactions
Inform patients of the risk of immune-mediated adverse reactions that may be severe or fatal, may occur after discontinuation of treatment, and may require corticosteroid treatment and interruption or discontinuation of LOQTORZI. These reactions may include:
- Pneumonitis: Advise patients to contact their healthcare provider immediately for new or worsening cough, chest pain, or shortness of breath [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)].
- Colitis: Advise patients to contact their healthcare provider immediately for diarrhea or severe abdominal pain [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)].
- Hepatitis: Advise patients to contact their healthcare provider immediately for jaundice, severe nausea or vomiting, or easy bruising or bleeding [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)].
- Endocrinopathies: Advise patients to contact their healthcare provider immediately for signs or symptoms of adrenal insufficiency, hypophysitis, hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, or Type 1 diabetes mellitus [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)].
- Nephritis: Advise patients to contact their healthcare provider immediately for signs or symptoms of nephritis [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)].
- Severe skin reactions: Advise patients to contact their healthcare provider immediately for any signs or symptoms of severe skin reactions, SJS or TEN [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)].
- Other immune-mediated adverse reactions:
- Advise patients that other immune-mediated adverse reactions can occur and may involve any organ system. Advise patients to contact their healthcare provider immediately for any new or worsening signs or symptoms [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)].
- Advise patients of the risk of solid organ transplant rejection and to contact their healthcare provider immediately for signs or symptoms of organ transplant rejection [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)].
Infusion-Related Reactions
Advise patients to contact their healthcare provider immediately for signs or symptoms of infusion-related reactions [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)].
Complications of Allogeneic HSCT
Advise patients of the risk of post-allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation complications [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3)].
Embryo-Fetal Toxicity