Clindamycin Phosphate Gel
FDA Label NDC 68682-462

Clindamycin Phosphate Topical Gel, 1%, a topical antibiotic, contains clindamycin phosphate, USP, at a concentration equivalent to 10 mg clindamycin per gram in a gel vehicle consisting of carbomer 941, methylparaben, polyethylene glycol 400, propylene glycol, purified water, and sodium hydroxide. Chemically, clindamycin phosphate is a water-soluble ester of the semi-synthetic antibiotic produced by a 7 (S)-chlorosubstitution of the 7 (R)-hydroxyl group of the parent antibiotic, lincomycin, and has the structural formula represented below:      

Clindagel-01 (Image 01)

The chemical name for clindamycin phosphate is methyl 7-chloro-6,7,8-trideoxy-6-(1-methyl-trans-4-propyl-L-2-pyrrolidinecarboxamido)-1-thio-L-threo-α-D-galacto-octopyranoside 2-(dihydrogen phosphate).

Pharmacokinetics: In an open-label, parallel group study of 24 patients with acne vulgaris, once-daily topical administration of approximately 3 to 12 grams/day of Clindamycin Phosphate Topical Gel for 5 days resulted in peak plasma clindamycin concentrations that were less than 5.5 ng/mL.

Following multiple applications of Clindamycin Phosphate Topical Gel less than 0.04% of the total dose was excreted in the urine.

Microbiology: Although clindamycin phosphate is inactive in vitro, rapid in vitro hydrolysis converts this compound to clindamycin, which has antibacterial activity. Clindamycin inhibits bacteria protein synthesis at the ribosomal level by binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit and affecting the process of peptide chain initiation. In vitro studies indicated that clindamycin inhibited all tested Propionibacteriumacnes cultures at a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 0.4 mcg/mL. Cross-resistance has been demonstrated between clindamycin and erythromycin.

In one 12-week multicenter, randomized, evaluator-blind, vehicle-controlled, parallel comparison clinical trial in which patients used Clindamycin Phosphate Topical Gel, 1%, once daily or the vehicle gel once daily, in the treatment of acne vulgaris of mild to moderate severity, Clindamycin Phosphate Topical Gel applied once daily was more effective than the vehicle applied once daily. The mean percent reductions in lesion counts at the end of treatment in this study are shown in the following table:

There was a trend in the investigator’s global assessment of the results, which favored Clindamycin Phosphate Topical Gel QD over the vehicle QD. 

In a contact sensitization study, four of the 200 subjects appeared to develop suggestive evidence of allergic contact sensitization to Clindamycin Phosphate Topical Gel. There was no signal for contact sensitization in the clinical trials under normal use conditions.

Clindamycin Phosphate Topical Gel is indicated for topical application in the treatment of acne vulgaris. In view of the potential for diarrhea, bloody diarrhea, and pseudomembranous colitis, the physician should consider whether other agents are more appropriate (see CONTRAINDICATIONS, WARNINGS, and ADVERSE REACTIONS).

Clindamycin Phosphate Topical Gel is contraindicated in individuals with a history of hypersensitivity to preparations containing clindamycin or lincomycin, a history of regional enteritis or ulcerative colitis, or a history of antibiotic-associated colitis.

Orally and parenterally administered clindamycin has been associated with severe colitis, which may result in patient death. Use of the topical formulation of clindamycin results in absorption of the antibiotic from the skin surface. Diarrhea, bloody diarrhea, and colitis (including pseudomembranous colitis) have been reported with the use of topical and systemic clindamycin.

Studies indicate a toxin(s) produced by Clostridia is one primary cause of antibiotic-associated colitis. The colitis is usually characterized by severe persistent diarrhea and severe abdominal cramps and may be associated with the passage of blood and mucus. Endoscopic examination may reveal pseudomembranous colitis. Stool culture for Clostridium difficile and stool assay for C. difficile toxin may be helpful diagnostically.

When significant diarrhea occurs, the drug should be discontinued. Large bowel endoscopy should be considered to establish a definitive diagnosis in cases of severe diarrhea. Antiperistaltic agents, such as opiates and diphenoxylate with atropine, may prolong and/or worsen the condition.

Diarrhea, colitis, and pseudomembranous colitis have been observed to begin up to several weeks following cessation of oral and parenteral therapy with clindamycin.

Clindamycin Phosphate Topical Gel should be prescribed with caution in atopic individuals.

Clindamycin has been shown to have neuromuscular blocking properties that may enhance the action of other neuromuscular blocking agents. Therefore, it should be used with caution in patients receiving such agents.

The carcinogenicity of a 1% clindamycin phosphate gel similar to Clindamycin Phosphate Topical Gel was evaluated by daily application to mice for 2 years. The daily doses used in this study were approximately 3 and 15 times higher than the human dose of clindamycin phosphate from 5 mL of Clindamycin Phosphate Topical Gel, assuming complete absorption and based on a body surface area comparison. No significant increase in tumors was noted in the treated animals.

A 1% clindamycin phosphate gel similar to Clindamycin Phosphate Topical Gel caused a statistically significant shortening of the median time to tumor onset in a study in hairless mice in which tumors were induced by exposure to simulated sunlight.

Genotoxicity tests performed included a rat micronucleus test and an Ames Salmonella reversion test. Both tests were negative. Reproduction studies in rats using oral doses of clindamycin hydrochloride and clindamycin palmitate hydrochloride have revealed no evidence of impaired fertility.

Reproduction studies have been performed in rats and mice using subcutaneous and oral doses of clindamycin phosphate, clindamycin hydrochloride, and clindamycin palmitate hydrochloride. These studies revealed no evidence of fetal harm. The highest dose used in the rat and mouse teratogenicity studies was equivalent to a clindamycin phosphate dose of 432 mg/kg. For a rat, this dose is 84-fold higher and for a mouse, 42-fold higher than the anticipated human dose of clindamycin phosphate from Clindamycin Phosphate Topical Gel based on a mg/m² comparison. There are, however, no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Because animal reproduction studies are not always predictive of human response, this drug should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed.

It is not known whether clindamycin is excreted in human milk following use of Clindamycin Phosphate Topical Gel. However, orally and parenterally administered clindamycin has been reported to appear in breast milk. Because of the potential for serious adverse reactions in nursing infants, a decision should be made whether to discontinue nursing or to discontinue the drug, taking into account the importance of the drug to the mother.

Safety and effectiveness in children under the age of 12 have not been established.

The clinical study with Clindamycin Phosphate Topical Gel did not include sufficient numbers of patients aged 65 and over to determine if they respond differently than younger patients.

In the one well-controlled clinical study comparing Clindamycin Phosphate Topical Gel and its vehicle, the incidence of skin and appendages adverse events occurring in ≥1% of the patients in either group is presented in the following table:

Orally and parenterally administered clindamycin has been associated with severe colitis, which may end fatally.

Cases of diarrhea, bloody diarrhea, and colitis (including pseudomembranous colitis) have been reported as adverse reactions in patients treated with oral and parenteral formulations of clindamycin and rarely with topical clindamycin (see WARNINGS). Abdominal pain and gastrointestinal disturbances, as well as gram-negative folliculitis, have also been reported in association with the use of topical formulations of clindamycin.

To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Oceanside Pharmaceuticals at 1-800-321-4576 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch.

Topically applied Clindamycin Phosphate Topical Gel may be absorbed in sufficient amounts to produce systemic effects (see WARNINGS).

Apply a thin film of Clindamycin Phosphate Topical Gel once daily to the skin where acne lesions appear. Use enough to cover the entire affected area lightly.

Keep container tightly closed.

Clindamycin Phosphate Topical Gel containing clindamycin phosphate equivalent to 10 mg clindamycin per gram is available in the following size:

75 mL bottle - NDC 68682-462-75

Store at controlled room temperature 20°to 25°C (68° to 77°F); excursions permitted between 15° to 30°C (59° to 86°F). Do not store in direct sunlight.

Retain in carton until contents are used.

Distributed by:
Oceanside Pharmaceuticals, a division of
Bausch Health US, LLC
Bridgewater, NJ 08807 USA

Manufactured by:
Bausch Health Companies Inc.
Laval, Quebec H7L 4A8, Canada

© 2020 Bausch Health Companies Inc. or its affiliates

9706400

Rev. 01/20

NDC 68682-462-75

Rx only

CLINDAMYCIN
PHOSPHATE
TOPICAL GEL, 1%

topical gel equivalent
to 1% clindamycin

For Topical Use Only

75 mL

OCEANSIDE
PHARMACEUTICALS

Carton (Image 02)